40 KiB
40 KiB
Awesome philosophy (#Awesome-philosophy)
A curated list of awesome philosophy
Contributions and criticism are welcome. (See: Contributing (https://github.com/HussainAther/awesome-philosophy/blob/master/contributing.md).)
Table of contents (#Table-of-contents)
+ Ethics (#Ethics)
* **Classical ethics** (#Classical-ethics)
* **Christian and Medieval ethics** (#Christian-and-Medieval-ethics)
* **Modern ethics** (#Modern-ethics)
* **Postmodern ethics** (#Postmodern-ethics)
* **Bioethics** (#Bioethics)
+ Meta-ethics (Metaethics) (#Meta-ethics-Metaethics)
+ Epistemology (#Epistemology)
+ Logic (#Logic)
+ Aesthetics (#Aesthetics)
+ Metaphysics (#Metaphysics)
+ Philosophy of the mind (#Philosophy-of-the-mind)
+ History of philosophy (#History-of-philosophy)
* **Western Civilization** (#Western-civilization)
* **Classical philosophy** (#Classical-philosophy)
* **Christian and Medieval** (#Christian-and-Medieval)
* **Early modern** (#Early-modern)
* **Contemporary** (#Contemporary)
* **Phenomenology and existentialism** (#Phenomenology-and-existentialism)
* **Hermeneutics and deconstruction** (#Hermeneutics-and-deconstruction)
* **Structuralism and post-structuralism** (#Structuralism-and-post-structuralism)
* **Critical theory and Marxism** (#Critical-theory-and-Marxism)
* **Eastern Civlization** (#Eastern-civilization)
* **Chinese philosophy** (#Chinese-philosophy)
* **Indian philosophy** (#Indian-philosophy)
* **Islamic philosophy** (#Islamic-philosophy)
* **Japanese philosophy** (#Japanese-philosophy)
+ Philosophy of other disciplines (#Philosophy-of-other-disciplines)
* **Education** (#Education)
* **Religion** (#Religion)
* **Science** (#Science)
* **Mathematics** (#Mathematics)
* **Physics** (#Physics)
* **Computer science** (#Computer-science)
* **Neuroscience** (#Neuroscience)
* **Chemistry** (#Chemistry)
* **Biology** (#Biology)
* **Sociology** (#Sociology)
* **Psychology** (#Psychology)
* **Economics** (#Economics)
* **Arts and Humanities** (#Arts-and-Humanities)
* **Art** (#Art)
* **Music** (#Music)
* **Literatue** (#Literature)
* **Language** (#Language)
* **History** (#History)
* **Medicine** (#Medicine)
* **Law** (#Ethics)
* **Politics** (#Politics)
Ethics
Classical ethics
⟡ Aristotle "Nichomachean Ethics" "On Virtues and Vices"
Christian and Medieval ethics
⟡ Thomas Aquinas "Summa Theologica"
⟡ Saint Bonaventure "Commentary on the Sentences"
⟡ Duns Scotus "Philosophical Writings"
⟡ William of Ockham "Sum of Logic"
Modern ethics
⟡ G. E. M. Anscombe "Modern Moral Philosophy"
⟡ David Gauthier "Morals by Agreement"
⟡ Alan Gewirth "Reason and Morality"
⟡ Allan Gibbard "Thinking How to Live"
⟡ Susan Hurley "Natural Reasons"
⟡ Christine Korsgaard "The Sources of Normativity"
⟡ John McDowell "Values and Secondary Qualities"
⟡ Alasdair MacIntyre "After Virtue"
⟡ J. L. Mackie "Ethics: Inventing Right and Wrong"
⟡ G. E. Moore "Principia Ethica"
⟡ Martha Nussbaum "The Fragility of Goodness"
⟡ Derek Parfit "Reasons and Persons"
⟡ Derek Parfit "On What Matters"
⟡ Peter Railton "Facts, Values, and Norms"
⟡ W. D. Ross "The Right and the Good"
⟡ Thomas M. Scanlon "What We Owe to Each Other"
⟡ Samuel Scheffler "The Rejection of Consequentialism"
⟡ Peter Singer "Practical Ethics"
⟡ Michael A. Smith "The Moral Problem"
⟡ Bernard Williams "Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy"
Postmodern ethics
⟡ Zygmunt Bauman "Postmodern Ethics"
⟡ Terry Eagleton "The Illusions of Postmodernism"
Bioethics
⟡ Don Marquis "Why Abortion is Immoral"
⟡ Paul Ramsey "The Patient as a Person" "Fabricated Man"
⟡ Judith Jarvis Thomson "A Defense of Abortion"
Meta-ethics (Metaethics)
⟡ P. F. Strawson "Freedom and Resentment"
Epistemology
⟡ Laurence Bonjour "The Structure of Empirical Knowledge"
⟡ Luc Bovens "Bayesian Epistemology"
⟡ Stanley Cavell "The Claim of Reason: Wittgenstein, Skepticism, Morality, and Tragedy"
⟡ Roderick Chisholm "Theory of Knowledge"
⟡ Keith DeRose "The Case for Contextualism"
⟡ René Descartes "Discourse on the Method", "Meditations on First Philosophy"
⟡ Edmund Gettier "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?"
⟡ Alvin Goldman "Epistemology and Cognition" "What is Justified Belief?"
⟡ Susan Haack "Evidence and Enquiry"
⟡ Hilary Kornblith "Knowledge and its Place in Nature"
⟡ Jonathan Kvanvig "The Value of Knowledge and the Pursuit of Understanding"
⟡ David K. Lewis "Elusive Knowledge"
⟡ G. E. Moore "A Defence of Common Sense"
⟡ Willard van Orman Quine "Epistemology Naturalized"
⟡ Richard Rorty "Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature"
⟡ Bertrand Russell "The Problems of Philosophy"
⟡ Jason Stanley "Knowledge and Practical Interest"
⟡ Stephen Stich "The Fragmentation of Reason"
⟡ Peter Unger "Ignorance: A Case for Scepticism"
⟡ Timothy Williamson "Knowledge and its Limits"
Logic
⟡ Donald Davidson "Truth and Meaning"
⟡ Gottlob Frege "Begriffsschrift"
⟡ Kurt Gödel, "On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related Systems"
⟡ Saul Kripke, "Semantical Considerations on Modal Logic"
⟡ Charles Sanders Peirce "How to Make Our Ideas Clear"
⟡ Alfred Tarski "The Concept of Truth"
Aesthetics
⟡ Theodor Adorno "Aesthetic Theory"
⟡ R.G. Collingwood "The Principles of Art"
⟡ Arthur C. Danto "After the End of Art"
⟡ Nelson Goodman "Languages of Art: An Approach to a Theory of Symbols"
⟡ George Santayana "The Sense of Beauty"
Metaphysics
⟡ Aristotle "Metaphysics"
⟡ D.M. Armstrong "Universals and Scientific Realism"
⟡ A. J. Ayer "Language, Truth, and Logic"
⟡ Rudolf Carnap "Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology"
⟡ David Chalmers "Constructing the World"
⟡ John Dewey "Experience and Nature"
⟡ William James "Pragmatism"
⟡ Immanuel Kant "Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals"
⟡ James Ladyman, Don Ross, David Spurrett, John Collier "Every Thing Must Go: Metaphysics Naturalized"
⟡ John McDowell "Mind and World"
⟡ David Kellogg Lewis "On the Plurality of Worlds"
⟡ Stephen Mumford "Dispositions"
⟡ Derek Parfit "Reasons and Persons"
⟡ Willard Van Orman Quine "Two Dogmas of Empiricism" "On What There Is"
⟡ Theodore Sider "Writing the Book of the World"
⟡ Alfred North Whitehead "Process and Reality"
⟡ Timothy Williamson "Modal Logic as Metaphysics"
⟡ Ludwig Wittgenstein "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" (a.k.a. The Tractatus)
Philosophy of the mind
⟡ D. M. Armstrong "A Materialist Theory of the Mind"
⟡ Peter Carruthers "The Architecture of the Mind"
⟡ David Chalmers "Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings" "The Character of Consciousness" "The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory"
⟡ Paul Churchland "Matter and Consciousness: A Contemporary Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind"
⟡ Andy Clark "Supersizing the Mind: Embodiment, Action, and Cognitive Extension"
⟡ Daniel Dennett "Consciousness Explained"
⟡ Jaegwon Kim "Philosophy of Mind"
⟡ Ruth Millikan "Varieties of Meaning"
⟡ Gilbert Ryle "The Concept of Mind"
History of philosophy
Western civilization
⟡ Bertrand Russell "A History of Western Philosophy"
Classical philosophy
⟡ Marcus Aurelius "Meditations""
⟡ Plato "Symposium" "Parmenides" "Phaedrus"
Christian and Medieval
⟡ Augustine of Hippo "Confessions" "The City of God"
⟡ Anselm of Canterbury "Proslogion"
Early modern
⟡ Sir Francis Bacon "Novum Organum"
⟡ Jeremy Bentham "An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation"
⟡ Henri Bergson "Time and Free Will" "Matter and Memory"
⟡ George Berkeley "Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge"
⟡ Auguste Comte "Course of Positive Philosophy"
⟡ René Descartes "Principles of Philosophy" "Passions of the Soul"
⟡ Desiderius Erasmus "The Praise of Folly"
⟡ Johann Gottlieb Fichte "Foundations of the Science of Knowledge"
⟡ Hugo Grotius "De iure belli ac pacis"
⟡ Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel "Phenomenology of Spirit" "Science of Logic" "The Philosophy of Right" "The Philosophy of History"
⟡ Thomas Hobbes "Leviathan"
⟡ David Hume "A Treatise of Human Nature" "Four Dissertationss" "Essays, Moral, Political, and Literary" "An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding" "An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals"
⟡ Immanuel Kant "A Critique of Pure Reason" "Critique of Practical Reason" "A Critique of Judgement"
⟡ Søren Kierkegaard "Either/Or" "Fear and Trembling" "The Concept of Anxiety"
⟡ Gottfried Leibniz "Discourse on Metaphysics" "New Essays Concerning Human Understanding" "Théodicée" "Monadology"
⟡ John Locke "Two Treatises of Government" "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding"
⟡ Niccolò Machiavelli "The Prince"
⟡ Karl Marx "The Communist Manifesto" "Das Kapital"
⟡ John Stuart Mill "On Liberty "Utilitarianism"
⟡ John Stuart Mill and Harriet Taylor Mill "The Subjection of Women"
⟡ Michel de Montaigne "Essays"
⟡ Friedrich Nietzsche "Thus Spoke Zarathustra" "Beyond Good and Evil" "On the Genealogy of Morals"
⟡ Blaise Pascal "Pensées"
⟡ Jean-Jacques Rousseau "Discourse on the Arts and Sciences" "Emile: or, On Education" "The Social Contract"
⟡ Arthur Schopenhauer "The World as Will and Representation"
⟡ Henry Sidgwick "The Methods of Ethics"
⟡ Adam Smith "The Theory of Moral Sentiments" "The Wealth of Nations"
⟡ Herbert Spencer "System of Synthetic Philosophy"
⟡ Baruch Spinoza "Ethics" "Tractatus Theologico-Politicus"
⟡ Max Stirner "The Ego and Its Own"
⟡ Mary Wollstonecraft "A Vindication of the Rights of Women"
Contemporary
Phenomenology and existentialism
⟡ Simone de Beauvoir "The Second Sex"
⟡ Albert Camus "Myth of Sisyphus"
⟡ Martin Heidegger "Being and Time"
⟡ Edmund Husserl "Logical Investigations" "Cartesian Meditations" "Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy"
⟡ Maurice Merleau-Ponty "Phenomenology of Perception"
⟡ Jean-Paul Sartre, "Being and Nothingness" "Critique of Dialectical Reason"
Hermeneutics and deconstruction
⟡ Jacques Derrida "Of Grammatology"
⟡ Hans-Georg Gadamer "Truth and Method"
⟡ Paul Ricœur "Freud and Philosophy: An Essay on Interpretation"
Structuralism and post-structuralism
⟡ Michel Foucault "The Order of Things"
⟡ Gilles Deleuze "Difference and Repetition"
⟡ Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari "Capitalism and Schizophrenia"
⟡ Luce Irigaray "Speculum of the Other Woman"
⟡ Michel Foucault "Discipline and Punish"
Critical theory and Marxism
⟡ Theodor Adorno "Negative Dialectics"
⟡ Louis Althusser "Reading Capital"
⟡ Alain Badiou "Being and Event"
⟡ Jürgen Habermas "Theory of Communicative Action"
⟡ Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno "Dialectic of Enlightenment"
⟡ Georg Lukacs "History and Class Consciousness"
⟡ Herbert Marcuse "Reason and Revolution" "Eros and Civilization"
Eastern civilization
Chinese philosophy
⟡ "The Record of Linji"
⟡ Han Fei "Han Feizi"
⟡ Kongzi "Analects" "Five Classics"
⟡ Laozi "Dao De Jing"
⟡ Mengzi "Mengzi"
⟡ Sunzi "Art of War"
⟡ Zhou Dunyi "The Taiji Tushuo"
⟡ Zhu Xi "Four Books" "Reflections on Things at Hand"
Indian philosophy
⟡ "The Upanishads"
⟡ "The Bhagavad Gita" ("The Song of God")
⟡ Aksapada Gautama "Nyaya Sutras"
⟡ Isvarakrsna "Sankhya Karika"
⟡ Kanada "Vaisheshika Sutra"
⟡ Patañjali "Yoga Sutras"
⟡ Swami Swatamarama "Hatha Yoga Pradipika"
⟡ Vyasa "Brahma Sutras"
⟡ Tami "Thiruvalluvar"
Islamic philosophy
⟡ Al-Ghazali "The Incoherence of the Philosophers"
Japanese philosophy
⟡ Hakuin Ekaku "Wild Ivy"
⟡ Honen "One-Sheet Document"
⟡ Kukai "Attaining Enlightenment in this Very Existence"
⟡ Zeami Motokiyo "Style and Flower"
⟡ Miyamoto Musashi "The Book of Five Rings"
⟡ Shinran "Kyogyoshinsho"
⟡ Dogen Zenji "Shōbōgenzō"
Philosophy of other disciplines
Education
⟡ John Dewey "Democracy and Education"
⟡ Terry Eagleton "The Slow Death of the University"
⟡ Paulo Freire "Pedagogy of the Oppressed"
⟡ Martha Nussbaum "Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities"
⟡ B.F. Skinner "Walden Two"
⟡ Charles Weingartner and Neil Postman "Teaching as a Subversive Activity"
Religion
⟡ William Lane Craig "The Kalam Cosmological Argument"
⟡ J. L. Mackie "The Miracle of Theism"
⟡ Dewi Zephaniah Phillips "Religion Without Explanation"
⟡ Alvin Plantinga "God and Other Minds" "Is Belief in God Properly Basic"
⟡ William Rowe "The Evidential Argument from Evil: A Second Look"
⟡ J. L. Schellenberg "Divine Hiddenness and Human Reason"
⟡ Richard Swinburne "The Existence of God"
Science
⟡ Paul Feyerabend "Against Method: Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge"
⟡ Bas C. van Fraassen "The Scientific Image"
⟡ Nelson Goodman "Fact, Fiction, and Forecast"
⟡ Thomas Samuel Kuhn "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions"
⟡ Larry Laudan "The Demise of the Demarcation Problem"
⟡ David K. Lewis "How to Define Theoretical Terms"
⟡ Karl Pearson "The Grammar of Science"
⟡ Karl Popper "The Logic of Scientific Discovery"
⟡ Hans Reichenbach "The Rise of Scientific Philosophy"
Mathematics
⟡ Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell "Principia Mathematica"
⟡ Paul Benacerraf "What Numbers Could not Be" "Mathematical Truth"
⟡ Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam "Philosophy of Mathematics: Selected Readings"
⟡ George Boolos "Logic, Logic and Logic"
⟡ Hartry Field "Science without Numbers: The Defence of Nominalism"
⟡ Imre Lakatos "Proofs and Refutations"
⟡ Penelope Maddy "Second Philosophy"
Physics
⟡ Aristotle "Physics"
⟡ Michel Bitbol "Mécanique quantique : Une introduction philosophique" "Schrödinger’s Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics"
⟡ Chris Isham and Jeremy Butterfield "On the Emergence of Time in Quantum Gravity"
⟡ Tim Lewens "The Meaning of Science: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science"
Computer science
⟡ Scott Aaronson "Why Philosophers Should Care About Computational Complexity"
⟡ Judea Pearl "Causality"
⟡ Ray Turner "The Philosophy of Computer Science" "Computational Artefacts-Towards a Philosophy of Computer Science"
Neuroscience
⟡ John Bickle "Revisionary Physicalism" "Psychoneural Reduction of the Genuinely Cognitive: Some Accomplished Facts" "Psychoneural Reduction: The New Wave" " Philosophy and Neuroscience: A Ruthlessly Reductive
Account"
⟡ Patricia Churchland "Brain-Wise : Studies in Neurophilosophy" "Neurophilosophy : Toward a Unified Science of the Mind-Brain"
⟡ Carl Craver "Explaining the brain : mechanisms and the mosaic unity of neuroscience"
⟡ Georg Northoff "Philosophy of the Brain: The brain problem"
⟡ Henrik Walter "Neurophilosophy of Free Will: From Libertarian Illusions to a Concept of Natural Autonomy"
Chemistry
⟡ Jaap van Brakel "Philosophy of Chemistry"
Biology
⟡ Daniel C. Dennett "Darwin's Dangerous Idea"
⟡ Ruth Garrett Millikan "Language, Thought, and Other Biological Categories"
⟡ Erwin Schrödinger, What is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell"
⟡ Elliott Sober "The Nature of Selection"
Sociology
⟡ B. F. Skinner "Science and Human Behavior"
Psychology
⟡ Donald Davidson "The Very Idea of a Conceptual Scheme"
⟡ William James "The Principles of Psychology"
Economics
⟡ Kenneth Arrow "Social Choice and Individual Values"
⟡ Ludwig von Mises "The Ultimate Foundation of Economic Science"
⟡ Elizabeth S. Anderson "Value in Ethics and Economics"
Arts and Humanities
⟡ Bernard Williams "Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline"
Art
⟡ Clive Bell "Art"
⟡ George Dickie "Art and the Aesthetic"
Music
⟡ Roger Scruton "Music as an Art"
Literature
⟡ Aristotle "Poetics"
Language
⟡ J. L. Austin, "A Plea for Excuses" "How To Do Things With Words"
⟡ Robert Brandom "Making it Explicit"
⟡ Stanley Cavell "Must We Mean What We Say?"
⟡ David Chalmers "Two Dimensional Semantics"
⟡ Cora Diamond "What Nonsense Might Be"
⟡ Michael Dummett "Frege: Philosophy of Language"
⟡ Gottlob Frege "On Sense and Reference"
⟡ H. P. Grice "Logic and Conversation"
⟡ Saul Kripke "Naming and Necessity"
⟡ David K. Lewis "General Semantics"
⟡ Willard Van Orman Quine "Word and Object"
⟡ Bertrand Russell "On Denoting"
⟡ John Searle "Speech Acts"
⟡ Ludwig Wittgenstein "Philosophical Investigations"
History
⟡ R.G. Collingwood "The Idea of History"
⟡ Karl Löwith "Meaning in History: The Theological Implications of the Philosophy of History"
Medicine
⟡ Mario Bunge "Medical Philosophy: Conceptual Issues in Medicine"
⟡ R. Paul Thompson and Ross E. G. Upshur "Philosophy of Medicines"
Law
⟡ Ronald Dworkin "Law's Empire"
⟡ John Finnis "Natural Law and Natural Rights"
⟡ Lon L. Fuller "The Morality of Law"
⟡ H.L.A. Hart "The Concept of Law"
Politics
⟡ Aristotle "Politics"
⟡ Isaiah Berlin "Two Concepts of Liberty"
⟡ Robert Nozick "Anarchy, State, and Utopia"
⟡ Plato "Republic"
⟡ Karl Popper "The Open Society and Its Enemies"
⟡ John Rawls "A Theory of Justice"
⟡ Michael Sandel "Liberalism and the Limits of Justice"
A curated list of awesome philosophy
Contributions and criticism are welcome. (See: Contributing (https://github.com/HussainAther/awesome-philosophy/blob/master/contributing.md).)
Table of contents (#Table-of-contents)
+ Ethics (#Ethics)
* **Classical ethics** (#Classical-ethics)
* **Christian and Medieval ethics** (#Christian-and-Medieval-ethics)
* **Modern ethics** (#Modern-ethics)
* **Postmodern ethics** (#Postmodern-ethics)
* **Bioethics** (#Bioethics)
+ Meta-ethics (Metaethics) (#Meta-ethics-Metaethics)
+ Epistemology (#Epistemology)
+ Logic (#Logic)
+ Aesthetics (#Aesthetics)
+ Metaphysics (#Metaphysics)
+ Philosophy of the mind (#Philosophy-of-the-mind)
+ History of philosophy (#History-of-philosophy)
* **Western Civilization** (#Western-civilization)
* **Classical philosophy** (#Classical-philosophy)
* **Christian and Medieval** (#Christian-and-Medieval)
* **Early modern** (#Early-modern)
* **Contemporary** (#Contemporary)
* **Phenomenology and existentialism** (#Phenomenology-and-existentialism)
* **Hermeneutics and deconstruction** (#Hermeneutics-and-deconstruction)
* **Structuralism and post-structuralism** (#Structuralism-and-post-structuralism)
* **Critical theory and Marxism** (#Critical-theory-and-Marxism)
* **Eastern Civlization** (#Eastern-civilization)
* **Chinese philosophy** (#Chinese-philosophy)
* **Indian philosophy** (#Indian-philosophy)
* **Islamic philosophy** (#Islamic-philosophy)
* **Japanese philosophy** (#Japanese-philosophy)
+ Philosophy of other disciplines (#Philosophy-of-other-disciplines)
* **Education** (#Education)
* **Religion** (#Religion)
* **Science** (#Science)
* **Mathematics** (#Mathematics)
* **Physics** (#Physics)
* **Computer science** (#Computer-science)
* **Neuroscience** (#Neuroscience)
* **Chemistry** (#Chemistry)
* **Biology** (#Biology)
* **Sociology** (#Sociology)
* **Psychology** (#Psychology)
* **Economics** (#Economics)
* **Arts and Humanities** (#Arts-and-Humanities)
* **Art** (#Art)
* **Music** (#Music)
* **Literatue** (#Literature)
* **Language** (#Language)
* **History** (#History)
* **Medicine** (#Medicine)
* **Law** (#Ethics)
* **Politics** (#Politics)
Ethics
Classical ethics
⟡ Aristotle "Nichomachean Ethics" "On Virtues and Vices"
Christian and Medieval ethics
⟡ Thomas Aquinas "Summa Theologica"
⟡ Saint Bonaventure "Commentary on the Sentences"
⟡ Duns Scotus "Philosophical Writings"
⟡ William of Ockham "Sum of Logic"
Modern ethics
⟡ G. E. M. Anscombe "Modern Moral Philosophy"
⟡ David Gauthier "Morals by Agreement"
⟡ Alan Gewirth "Reason and Morality"
⟡ Allan Gibbard "Thinking How to Live"
⟡ Susan Hurley "Natural Reasons"
⟡ Christine Korsgaard "The Sources of Normativity"
⟡ John McDowell "Values and Secondary Qualities"
⟡ Alasdair MacIntyre "After Virtue"
⟡ J. L. Mackie "Ethics: Inventing Right and Wrong"
⟡ G. E. Moore "Principia Ethica"
⟡ Martha Nussbaum "The Fragility of Goodness"
⟡ Derek Parfit "Reasons and Persons"
⟡ Derek Parfit "On What Matters"
⟡ Peter Railton "Facts, Values, and Norms"
⟡ W. D. Ross "The Right and the Good"
⟡ Thomas M. Scanlon "What We Owe to Each Other"
⟡ Samuel Scheffler "The Rejection of Consequentialism"
⟡ Peter Singer "Practical Ethics"
⟡ Michael A. Smith "The Moral Problem"
⟡ Bernard Williams "Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy"
Postmodern ethics
⟡ Zygmunt Bauman "Postmodern Ethics"
⟡ Terry Eagleton "The Illusions of Postmodernism"
Bioethics
⟡ Don Marquis "Why Abortion is Immoral"
⟡ Paul Ramsey "The Patient as a Person" "Fabricated Man"
⟡ Judith Jarvis Thomson "A Defense of Abortion"
Meta-ethics (Metaethics)
⟡ P. F. Strawson "Freedom and Resentment"
Epistemology
⟡ Laurence Bonjour "The Structure of Empirical Knowledge"
⟡ Luc Bovens "Bayesian Epistemology"
⟡ Stanley Cavell "The Claim of Reason: Wittgenstein, Skepticism, Morality, and Tragedy"
⟡ Roderick Chisholm "Theory of Knowledge"
⟡ Keith DeRose "The Case for Contextualism"
⟡ René Descartes "Discourse on the Method", "Meditations on First Philosophy"
⟡ Edmund Gettier "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?"
⟡ Alvin Goldman "Epistemology and Cognition" "What is Justified Belief?"
⟡ Susan Haack "Evidence and Enquiry"
⟡ Hilary Kornblith "Knowledge and its Place in Nature"
⟡ Jonathan Kvanvig "The Value of Knowledge and the Pursuit of Understanding"
⟡ David K. Lewis "Elusive Knowledge"
⟡ G. E. Moore "A Defence of Common Sense"
⟡ Willard van Orman Quine "Epistemology Naturalized"
⟡ Richard Rorty "Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature"
⟡ Bertrand Russell "The Problems of Philosophy"
⟡ Jason Stanley "Knowledge and Practical Interest"
⟡ Stephen Stich "The Fragmentation of Reason"
⟡ Peter Unger "Ignorance: A Case for Scepticism"
⟡ Timothy Williamson "Knowledge and its Limits"
Logic
⟡ Donald Davidson "Truth and Meaning"
⟡ Gottlob Frege "Begriffsschrift"
⟡ Kurt Gödel, "On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related Systems"
⟡ Saul Kripke, "Semantical Considerations on Modal Logic"
⟡ Charles Sanders Peirce "How to Make Our Ideas Clear"
⟡ Alfred Tarski "The Concept of Truth"
Aesthetics
⟡ Theodor Adorno "Aesthetic Theory"
⟡ R.G. Collingwood "The Principles of Art"
⟡ Arthur C. Danto "After the End of Art"
⟡ Nelson Goodman "Languages of Art: An Approach to a Theory of Symbols"
⟡ George Santayana "The Sense of Beauty"
Metaphysics
⟡ Aristotle "Metaphysics"
⟡ D.M. Armstrong "Universals and Scientific Realism"
⟡ A. J. Ayer "Language, Truth, and Logic"
⟡ Rudolf Carnap "Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology"
⟡ David Chalmers "Constructing the World"
⟡ John Dewey "Experience and Nature"
⟡ William James "Pragmatism"
⟡ Immanuel Kant "Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals"
⟡ James Ladyman, Don Ross, David Spurrett, John Collier "Every Thing Must Go: Metaphysics Naturalized"
⟡ John McDowell "Mind and World"
⟡ David Kellogg Lewis "On the Plurality of Worlds"
⟡ Stephen Mumford "Dispositions"
⟡ Derek Parfit "Reasons and Persons"
⟡ Willard Van Orman Quine "Two Dogmas of Empiricism" "On What There Is"
⟡ Theodore Sider "Writing the Book of the World"
⟡ Alfred North Whitehead "Process and Reality"
⟡ Timothy Williamson "Modal Logic as Metaphysics"
⟡ Ludwig Wittgenstein "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" (a.k.a. The Tractatus)
Philosophy of the mind
⟡ D. M. Armstrong "A Materialist Theory of the Mind"
⟡ Peter Carruthers "The Architecture of the Mind"
⟡ David Chalmers "Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings" "The Character of Consciousness" "The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory"
⟡ Paul Churchland "Matter and Consciousness: A Contemporary Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind"
⟡ Andy Clark "Supersizing the Mind: Embodiment, Action, and Cognitive Extension"
⟡ Daniel Dennett "Consciousness Explained"
⟡ Jaegwon Kim "Philosophy of Mind"
⟡ Ruth Millikan "Varieties of Meaning"
⟡ Gilbert Ryle "The Concept of Mind"
History of philosophy
Western civilization
⟡ Bertrand Russell "A History of Western Philosophy"
Classical philosophy
⟡ Marcus Aurelius "Meditations""
⟡ Plato "Symposium" "Parmenides" "Phaedrus"
Christian and Medieval
⟡ Augustine of Hippo "Confessions" "The City of God"
⟡ Anselm of Canterbury "Proslogion"
Early modern
⟡ Sir Francis Bacon "Novum Organum"
⟡ Jeremy Bentham "An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation"
⟡ Henri Bergson "Time and Free Will" "Matter and Memory"
⟡ George Berkeley "Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge"
⟡ Auguste Comte "Course of Positive Philosophy"
⟡ René Descartes "Principles of Philosophy" "Passions of the Soul"
⟡ Desiderius Erasmus "The Praise of Folly"
⟡ Johann Gottlieb Fichte "Foundations of the Science of Knowledge"
⟡ Hugo Grotius "De iure belli ac pacis"
⟡ Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel "Phenomenology of Spirit" "Science of Logic" "The Philosophy of Right" "The Philosophy of History"
⟡ Thomas Hobbes "Leviathan"
⟡ David Hume "A Treatise of Human Nature" "Four Dissertationss" "Essays, Moral, Political, and Literary" "An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding" "An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals"
⟡ Immanuel Kant "A Critique of Pure Reason" "Critique of Practical Reason" "A Critique of Judgement"
⟡ Søren Kierkegaard "Either/Or" "Fear and Trembling" "The Concept of Anxiety"
⟡ Gottfried Leibniz "Discourse on Metaphysics" "New Essays Concerning Human Understanding" "Théodicée" "Monadology"
⟡ John Locke "Two Treatises of Government" "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding"
⟡ Niccolò Machiavelli "The Prince"
⟡ Karl Marx "The Communist Manifesto" "Das Kapital"
⟡ John Stuart Mill "On Liberty "Utilitarianism"
⟡ John Stuart Mill and Harriet Taylor Mill "The Subjection of Women"
⟡ Michel de Montaigne "Essays"
⟡ Friedrich Nietzsche "Thus Spoke Zarathustra" "Beyond Good and Evil" "On the Genealogy of Morals"
⟡ Blaise Pascal "Pensées"
⟡ Jean-Jacques Rousseau "Discourse on the Arts and Sciences" "Emile: or, On Education" "The Social Contract"
⟡ Arthur Schopenhauer "The World as Will and Representation"
⟡ Henry Sidgwick "The Methods of Ethics"
⟡ Adam Smith "The Theory of Moral Sentiments" "The Wealth of Nations"
⟡ Herbert Spencer "System of Synthetic Philosophy"
⟡ Baruch Spinoza "Ethics" "Tractatus Theologico-Politicus"
⟡ Max Stirner "The Ego and Its Own"
⟡ Mary Wollstonecraft "A Vindication of the Rights of Women"
Contemporary
Phenomenology and existentialism
⟡ Simone de Beauvoir "The Second Sex"
⟡ Albert Camus "Myth of Sisyphus"
⟡ Martin Heidegger "Being and Time"
⟡ Edmund Husserl "Logical Investigations" "Cartesian Meditations" "Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy"
⟡ Maurice Merleau-Ponty "Phenomenology of Perception"
⟡ Jean-Paul Sartre, "Being and Nothingness" "Critique of Dialectical Reason"
Hermeneutics and deconstruction
⟡ Jacques Derrida "Of Grammatology"
⟡ Hans-Georg Gadamer "Truth and Method"
⟡ Paul Ricœur "Freud and Philosophy: An Essay on Interpretation"
Structuralism and post-structuralism
⟡ Michel Foucault "The Order of Things"
⟡ Gilles Deleuze "Difference and Repetition"
⟡ Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari "Capitalism and Schizophrenia"
⟡ Luce Irigaray "Speculum of the Other Woman"
⟡ Michel Foucault "Discipline and Punish"
Critical theory and Marxism
⟡ Theodor Adorno "Negative Dialectics"
⟡ Louis Althusser "Reading Capital"
⟡ Alain Badiou "Being and Event"
⟡ Jürgen Habermas "Theory of Communicative Action"
⟡ Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno "Dialectic of Enlightenment"
⟡ Georg Lukacs "History and Class Consciousness"
⟡ Herbert Marcuse "Reason and Revolution" "Eros and Civilization"
Eastern civilization
Chinese philosophy
⟡ "The Record of Linji"
⟡ Han Fei "Han Feizi"
⟡ Kongzi "Analects" "Five Classics"
⟡ Laozi "Dao De Jing"
⟡ Mengzi "Mengzi"
⟡ Sunzi "Art of War"
⟡ Zhou Dunyi "The Taiji Tushuo"
⟡ Zhu Xi "Four Books" "Reflections on Things at Hand"
Indian philosophy
⟡ "The Upanishads"
⟡ "The Bhagavad Gita" ("The Song of God")
⟡ Aksapada Gautama "Nyaya Sutras"
⟡ Isvarakrsna "Sankhya Karika"
⟡ Kanada "Vaisheshika Sutra"
⟡ Patañjali "Yoga Sutras"
⟡ Swami Swatamarama "Hatha Yoga Pradipika"
⟡ Vyasa "Brahma Sutras"
⟡ Tami "Thiruvalluvar"
Islamic philosophy
⟡ Al-Ghazali "The Incoherence of the Philosophers"
Japanese philosophy
⟡ Hakuin Ekaku "Wild Ivy"
⟡ Honen "One-Sheet Document"
⟡ Kukai "Attaining Enlightenment in this Very Existence"
⟡ Zeami Motokiyo "Style and Flower"
⟡ Miyamoto Musashi "The Book of Five Rings"
⟡ Shinran "Kyogyoshinsho"
⟡ Dogen Zenji "Shōbōgenzō"
Philosophy of other disciplines
Education
⟡ John Dewey "Democracy and Education"
⟡ Terry Eagleton "The Slow Death of the University"
⟡ Paulo Freire "Pedagogy of the Oppressed"
⟡ Martha Nussbaum "Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities"
⟡ B.F. Skinner "Walden Two"
⟡ Charles Weingartner and Neil Postman "Teaching as a Subversive Activity"
Religion
⟡ William Lane Craig "The Kalam Cosmological Argument"
⟡ J. L. Mackie "The Miracle of Theism"
⟡ Dewi Zephaniah Phillips "Religion Without Explanation"
⟡ Alvin Plantinga "God and Other Minds" "Is Belief in God Properly Basic"
⟡ William Rowe "The Evidential Argument from Evil: A Second Look"
⟡ J. L. Schellenberg "Divine Hiddenness and Human Reason"
⟡ Richard Swinburne "The Existence of God"
Science
⟡ Paul Feyerabend "Against Method: Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge"
⟡ Bas C. van Fraassen "The Scientific Image"
⟡ Nelson Goodman "Fact, Fiction, and Forecast"
⟡ Thomas Samuel Kuhn "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions"
⟡ Larry Laudan "The Demise of the Demarcation Problem"
⟡ David K. Lewis "How to Define Theoretical Terms"
⟡ Karl Pearson "The Grammar of Science"
⟡ Karl Popper "The Logic of Scientific Discovery"
⟡ Hans Reichenbach "The Rise of Scientific Philosophy"
Mathematics
⟡ Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell "Principia Mathematica"
⟡ Paul Benacerraf "What Numbers Could not Be" "Mathematical Truth"
⟡ Paul Benacerraf and Hilary Putnam "Philosophy of Mathematics: Selected Readings"
⟡ George Boolos "Logic, Logic and Logic"
⟡ Hartry Field "Science without Numbers: The Defence of Nominalism"
⟡ Imre Lakatos "Proofs and Refutations"
⟡ Penelope Maddy "Second Philosophy"
Physics
⟡ Aristotle "Physics"
⟡ Michel Bitbol "Mécanique quantique : Une introduction philosophique" "Schrödinger’s Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics"
⟡ Chris Isham and Jeremy Butterfield "On the Emergence of Time in Quantum Gravity"
⟡ Tim Lewens "The Meaning of Science: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science"
Computer science
⟡ Scott Aaronson "Why Philosophers Should Care About Computational Complexity"
⟡ Judea Pearl "Causality"
⟡ Ray Turner "The Philosophy of Computer Science" "Computational Artefacts-Towards a Philosophy of Computer Science"
Neuroscience
⟡ John Bickle "Revisionary Physicalism" "Psychoneural Reduction of the Genuinely Cognitive: Some Accomplished Facts" "Psychoneural Reduction: The New Wave" " Philosophy and Neuroscience: A Ruthlessly Reductive
Account"
⟡ Patricia Churchland "Brain-Wise : Studies in Neurophilosophy" "Neurophilosophy : Toward a Unified Science of the Mind-Brain"
⟡ Carl Craver "Explaining the brain : mechanisms and the mosaic unity of neuroscience"
⟡ Georg Northoff "Philosophy of the Brain: The brain problem"
⟡ Henrik Walter "Neurophilosophy of Free Will: From Libertarian Illusions to a Concept of Natural Autonomy"
Chemistry
⟡ Jaap van Brakel "Philosophy of Chemistry"
Biology
⟡ Daniel C. Dennett "Darwin's Dangerous Idea"
⟡ Ruth Garrett Millikan "Language, Thought, and Other Biological Categories"
⟡ Erwin Schrödinger, What is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell"
⟡ Elliott Sober "The Nature of Selection"
Sociology
⟡ B. F. Skinner "Science and Human Behavior"
Psychology
⟡ Donald Davidson "The Very Idea of a Conceptual Scheme"
⟡ William James "The Principles of Psychology"
Economics
⟡ Kenneth Arrow "Social Choice and Individual Values"
⟡ Ludwig von Mises "The Ultimate Foundation of Economic Science"
⟡ Elizabeth S. Anderson "Value in Ethics and Economics"
Arts and Humanities
⟡ Bernard Williams "Philosophy as a Humanistic Discipline"
Art
⟡ Clive Bell "Art"
⟡ George Dickie "Art and the Aesthetic"
Music
⟡ Roger Scruton "Music as an Art"
Literature
⟡ Aristotle "Poetics"
Language
⟡ J. L. Austin, "A Plea for Excuses" "How To Do Things With Words"
⟡ Robert Brandom "Making it Explicit"
⟡ Stanley Cavell "Must We Mean What We Say?"
⟡ David Chalmers "Two Dimensional Semantics"
⟡ Cora Diamond "What Nonsense Might Be"
⟡ Michael Dummett "Frege: Philosophy of Language"
⟡ Gottlob Frege "On Sense and Reference"
⟡ H. P. Grice "Logic and Conversation"
⟡ Saul Kripke "Naming and Necessity"
⟡ David K. Lewis "General Semantics"
⟡ Willard Van Orman Quine "Word and Object"
⟡ Bertrand Russell "On Denoting"
⟡ John Searle "Speech Acts"
⟡ Ludwig Wittgenstein "Philosophical Investigations"
History
⟡ R.G. Collingwood "The Idea of History"
⟡ Karl Löwith "Meaning in History: The Theological Implications of the Philosophy of History"
Medicine
⟡ Mario Bunge "Medical Philosophy: Conceptual Issues in Medicine"
⟡ R. Paul Thompson and Ross E. G. Upshur "Philosophy of Medicines"
Law
⟡ Ronald Dworkin "Law's Empire"
⟡ John Finnis "Natural Law and Natural Rights"
⟡ Lon L. Fuller "The Morality of Law"
⟡ H.L.A. Hart "The Concept of Law"
Politics
⟡ Aristotle "Politics"
⟡ Isaiah Berlin "Two Concepts of Liberty"
⟡ Robert Nozick "Anarchy, State, and Utopia"
⟡ Plato "Republic"
⟡ Karl Popper "The Open Society and Its Enemies"
⟡ John Rawls "A Theory of Justice"
⟡ Michael Sandel "Liberalism and the Limits of Justice"