rhetenor/awesome-awesomeness
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

update lists

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
Jonas Zeunert
2025-07-18 22:22:32 +02:00
parent 55bed3b4a1
commit 5916c5c074
3078 changed files with 331679 additions and 357255 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

594
terminal/regex
View File

@@ -1,227 +1,449 @@
<!--
 Title: Awesome Regex
 Description: A curated list of amazingly awesome regex resources.
 Author: aloisdg
 -->
 Awesome Regex
!Awesome (https://awesome.re/badge.svg) (https://awesome.re)
!Main workflow (https://github.com/aloisdg/awesome-regex/workflows/Main%20workflow/badge.svg) (https://github.com/aloisdg/awesome-regex/actions)
Introduction
!Awesome Regex (media/awesome-regex-banner.svg) (https://github.com/slevithan/awesome-regex)
A curated collection of awesome Regex libraries, tools, frameworks and software. The goal is to build a categorized community-driven collection of very well-known resources.
!Awesome (https://awesome.re/badge-flat2.svg) (https://awesome.re) &nbsp;
Inspired by awesome-dotnet (https://github.com/quozd/awesome-dotnet), awesome-ruby (https://github.com/markets/awesome-ruby), awesome-awesomeness (https://github.com/bayandin/awesome-awesomeness) and the whole awesome-* trend on GitHub.
Thank you Reddit (http://www.reddit.com/r/regex), Hacker News (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9581225) and Stack Overflow (http://stackoverflow.com/tags/regex/info) for the help.
Sharing, suggestions and contributions are always welcome! Please take a look at the contribution guidelines and quality standard (https://github.com/aloisdg/awesome-regex/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md) first. Thanks to all contributors, 
you're awesome and wouldn't be possible without you!
Awesome Regex curates the best regular expression tools, tutorials, libraries, and other resources, covering all major regex flavors.
▐ Regular expressions (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression) (regex or regexp) are a powerful and concise way to search, parse, and process text. They're built into many programming languages, text editors, IDEs, database engines, 
▐ word processors, and other tools.
Contributions are welcome. Add links through pull requests (guidelines (CONTRIBUTING.md)).
 
 
A brief glossary of regular expression terms as used in this list.
- Regex engine: Software that interprets and executes regular expressions, either built into a programming language or as a standalone library.
- Regex flavor: A unique set of regex syntax and behavior. Basic syntax is typically shared across flavors, but more advanced features often vary, sometimes in subtle or incompatible ways. A flavor might be shared across multiple implementations 
or programming languages.
 - Ex: The “JavaScript” flavor is defined by the ECMAScript spec; implemented by multiple engines (V8, etc.).
 - Ex: The “PCRE” flavor is the PCRE2 library, used by numerous programming languages and tools.
 - Ex: Ruby swapped its regex implementation twice from version 1.8 → 1.9 → 2.0, so each used a distinct flavor. The Ruby 2.0+ flavor is referred to here as either “Ruby” or “Onigmo” (the underlying regex library).
- Non-backtracking engine: A regex implementation that uses a non-backtracking algorithm and runs in linear time. This rules out worst case performance from superlinear backtracking, but it's slower with some patterns and precludes some useful 
features like backreferences.
Featured resource
 


 
Regex+ (https://github.com/slevithan/regex) is a lightweight JavaScript library for more readable, high-performance, native JavaScript regexes with powerful features including free spacing, atomic groups, possessive quantifiers, subroutines, 
subroutine definition groups, and context-aware interpolation.
Contents
- Documentation (#documentation)
- Prototyping and Testing (#prototyping-and-testing)
- Generators (#generators)
- Security (#security)
- Learning (#learning)
- Libraries (#libraries)
- Collections (#collections)
- Explanation (#explanation)
- Exercises (#exercises)
- Articles (#articles)
- Testers (#testers)
- Syntax-free regex builders (#syntax-free-regex-builders)
- Visualizers (#visualizers)
- Grep-like tools (#grep-like-tools)
- Tutorials (#tutorials)
- Regex engines (#regex-engines)
 - Documentation (#documentation)
 - Source code (#source-code)
 - Flavor differences (#flavor-differences)
- Performance (#performance)
- Collections of patterns (#collections-of-patterns)
- JavaScript regex libraries (#javascript-regex-libraries)
- JavaScript regex evolution (#javascript-regex-evolution)
- Books (#books)
- Benchmarks (#benchmarks)
- Cheat Sheets (#cheat-sheets)
- Articles (#articles)
- Communities (#communities)
- Miscellaneous (#miscellaneous)
Testers
For building, testing, and playing with regexes.
- regex101 (https://regex101.com/) - Best free and best web-based tester.
 - Flavors: Java, JavaScript, .NET, PCRE, RE2, Rust, and emulates Python.
 - Includes regex debugger (PCRE only).
- RegexBuddy (https://www.regexbuddy.com/) (, $40) - Best tester.
 - Flavors: Emulates hundreds of flavors/versions, with deep knowledge of differences.
 - Includes regex debugger.
- RegExr (https://regexr.com/) *GitHub (https://github.com/gskinner/regexr/) - Best open source tester.
 - Flavors: JavaScript, PCRE.
 - Languages: 🇺🇸, 🇨🇳 (fork (https://regexr-cn.com/)).
- RegexLearn (https://regexlearn.com/playground) *GitHub (https://github.com/aykutkardas/regexlearn.com/blob/develop/src/pages/%5Blang%5D/playground.tsx) - Best multilingual tester (JavaScript).
 - Languages: 🇺🇸, 🇹🇷, 🇷🇺, 🇪🇸, 🇨🇳, 🇩🇪, 🇺🇦, 🇫🇷, 🇵🇱, 🇰🇷, 🇧🇷, 🇨🇿, 🇬🇪.
- regexplained (https://regexplained.com/) *GitHub (https://github.com/LeaVerou/regexplained) - Best tester for presentations (JavaScript).
 
 
Command line
- pcre2test (https://pcre2project.github.io/pcre2/doc/pcre2test/) - Includes regex debugger. Flavor: PCRE.
- rxrx (https://metacpan.org/dist/Regexp-Debugger/view/bin/rxrx) - Includes regex debugger (video intro (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zcSFIUiMgAs)). Flavor: Perl.
By flavor
- JavaScript: RegViz (http://regviz.org/).
- .NET: Regex Storm (http://regexstorm.net/tester) *GitHub (https://github.com/lonekorean/regex-storm) .
- PCRE: PHP Live Regex (https://www.phpliveregex.com/).
- Python: Pythex (https://pythex.org/).
- Ruby: Rubular (https://rubular.com/).
- sed: GNU sed REPL (https://sed.js.org/).
- Swift: Swift Regex (https://swiftregex.com/) *GitHub (https://github.com/swiftfiddle/swiftregex) - Includes regex debugger, DSL builder.
Multiple flavors
- CyrilEx (https://extendsclass.com/regex-tester.html) *GitHub (https://github.com/cyrilbois/cyrilex) - Java, JavaScript, MySQL, PHP, Python, Ruby.
- Patterns (https://krillapps.com/patterns/) (, $3) - Bash, Emacs, grep, Java, Oniguruma, PCRE, POSIX BRE, POSIX ERE, Ruby, sed.
- RegexPlanet (https://www.regexplanet.com/) *GitHub (https://github.com/regexplanet) - Go, Java, JavaScript (Bun, Deno, Node.js), .NET, Perl, PHP, PostgreSQL, Python, Ruby, Rust, Swift, Tcl, XRegExp.
Syntax-free regex builders
Build regexes without writing regex syntax or code.
- ChatGPT (https://chat.openai.com/) (and other LLMs) - Ex: "create a regex that matches X and explain it step by step".
- RegexMagic (https://www.regexmagic.com/) (, $40) - Generate regexes using samples and rules.
 - Flavors: Emulates hundreds of flavors/versions.
 
 
- Regex Generator (https://regex-generator.olafneumann.org/) *GitHub (https://github.com/noxone/regex-generator) - Generate simple regexes from a sample text.
- Regex.ai (https://regex.ai/) - Mark samples in a text and use AI to generate potential regexes.
Visualizers
Visualize how your regular expressions are structured or operate.
- Regex Vis (https://regex-vis.com/) *GitHub (https://github.com/Bowen7/regex-vis) - Create railroad diagrams, with visual editor. Flavor: JavaScript.
 - Languages: 🇺🇸, 🇨🇳.
- Regulex (https://jex.im/regulex/) *GitHub (https://github.com/CJex/regulex) - Create railroad diagrams. Flavor: JavaScript.
- Nodexr (https://www.nodexr.net/) *GitHub (https://github.com/Jcparkyn/nodexr) - Graphical editor with visual hierarchy. Flavor: .NET.
 
 
- Regex Nodes (https://johannesvollmer.com/regex-nodes/) *GitHub (https://github.com/johannesvollmer/regex-nodes) - Graphical editor with visual hierarchy. Flavor: JavaScript.
- Debuggex (https://www.debuggex.com/) - Create railroad diagrams. Flavors: JavaScript, PCRE, Python.
- Regexper (https://regexper.com/) *GitLab (https://gitlab.com/javallone/regexper-static) - Create railroad diagrams. Flavor: JavaScript.
Grep-like tools
Search and replace through files.
Command line
- ripgrep (https://github.com/BurntSushi/ripgrep) - Better and faster grep. Recursively searches directories while respecting gitignore rules and skipping hidden/binary files.
 - Flavors: Rust (default), PCRE.
- nomino (https://github.com/yaa110/nomino) - Rename files uses regexes.
 - Flavor: Rust.
➕ See also: Feature comparison of grep-like tools (https://beyondgrep.com/feature-comparison/).
GUI
- Aba Search and Replace (https://www.abareplace.com/) (, $30) - Displays matches as you type.
- PowerGREP (https://www.powergrep.com/) (, $159) - Can search through archives, binary files, PDFs, docs/sheets, emails, etc., via its GUI or the command line.
 - Flavors: Emulates hundreds of flavors/versions.
- PowerRename (https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys) () - Rename files using regexes.
Tutorials
Learn how to use regular expressions.
Traditional
- Regular-Expressions.info (https://www.regular-expressions.info/) - Covers numerous regex flavors.
- The Modern JavaScript Tutorial: Regular expressions (https://javascript.info/regular-expressions) *GitHub (https://github.com/javascript-tutorial/en.javascript.info) - Guide to using regexes in JavaScript.
 - Languages: 🇺🇸, 🇪🇸, 🇫🇷, 🇮🇹, 🇯🇵, 🇷🇺, 🇺🇦, 🇨🇳 (partial for others (https://javascript.info/translate)).
 
 
- RexEgg (https://rexegg.com/) - Detailed tutorial with advanced topics.
- learnbyexample (https://learnbyexample.github.io/books/) *GitHub (https://github.com/learnbyexample) - Ebooks on regexes (JavaScript (https://learnbyexample.github.io/learn_js_regexp/), Python 
(https://learnbyexample.github.io/py_regular_expressions/), Ruby (https://learnbyexample.github.io/Ruby_Regexp/)) and command line text processing.
- Regular Expressions for Regular Folk (https://refrf.dev/) *GitHub (https://github.com/shreyasminocha/regex-for-regular-folk) - Visual, example-based ebook for beginners.
With interactive exercises
- RegexLearn (https://regexlearn.com/) *GitHub (https://github.com/aykutkardas/regexlearn.com) - Interactive tutorial and practice problems.
 - Languages: 🇺🇸, 🇹🇷, 🇷🇺, 🇪🇸, 🇨🇳, 🇩🇪, 🇺🇦, 🇫🇷, 🇵🇱, 🇰🇷, 🇧🇷, 🇨🇿, 🇬🇪.
- RegexOne (https://regexone.com/) - Interactive tutorial and practice problems.
Videos
- Demystifying Regular Expressions (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M7vDtxaD7ZU) - Great presentation for beginners, by Lea Verou at HolyJS 2017 (1hr 12m).
- Learn Regular Expressions In 20 Minutes (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhzKDrUiJVk) - Live syntax walkthrough in a regex tester, by Kyle Cook.
- Many options for video courses are available on Udemy (https://www.udemy.com/topic/regular-expressions/) ($).
Regex engines
Major regex implementations, built into programming languages or as standalone libraries.
Documentation
- Regular Expression Language - Quick Reference (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/az24scfc(v=vs.110).aspx) - MSDN documentation about Regex.
- Regular Expressions (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions) - MDN chapter about JavaScript regular expressions.
- Perl Regular Expression Syntax (http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_43_0/libs/regex/doc/html/boost_regex/syntax/perl_syntax.html) - Boost documentation.
- Perl 6 (https://docs.perl6.org/language/regexes) - Regexes in Perl 6.
- PCRE (http://pcre.org/pcre.txt) - Concatenated PCRE man pages.
- ECMAScript 6 (http://2ality.com/2015/07/regexp-es6.html) - New Regexes in ECMAScript 6.
- regex header in C++ (http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/regex/) -  in C++
- class Pattern in Java (https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/regex/Pattern.html) - Java 7 docs.
- class Regex in Scala (http://www.scala-lang.org/api/2.12.1/scala/util/matching/Regex.html) - Scala Regex.
- Python re module (https://pymotw.com/3/re/) - Regular Expressions Python module tutorial.
- Regular Expressions in Perl (http://perl-begin.org/topics/regular-expressions/) - Introduction and Reference Links.
Official regex references and guides.
Prototyping and Testing
Regex flavors
- Debuggex (https://www.debuggex.com/) - Online visual Regex tester.
- ExtendsClass (https://extendsclass.com/regex-tester.html) - Online visual Regex tester.
- Nodexr (https://www.nodexr.net) - Online node-based Regex editor.
- Regexr (http://regexr.com/) - Website for interactive Regex prototyping with syntax highlighting (by @gskinner).
- Regex101 (https://regex101.com/) - Online Regex tester, debugger with highlighting.
- Rubular (http://rubular.com/) - Ruby-based regular expression editor and tester.
- Rex V (http://www.rexv.org/) - AJAX Regular EXpression eValuator.
- RegViz (http://regviz.org/) - Tool for debugging JavaScript regular expressions in a visual way.
- Regulex (https://jex.im/regulex) - JavaScript Regular Expression Visualizer.
- PyRegex (http://www.pyregex.com/) - Online Regex tester to check validity of Regex in the Python language Regex subset.
- pythex (http://pythex.org/) - Quick way to test your Python regular expressions.
- Regexper (http://regexper.com/) - Regex visualizer for JavaScript using railroad diagrams.
- HiFi Regex Tester (http://www.gethifi.com/tools/regex) - Live JavaScript Regular Expression Tester.
- Regex Hero (http://regexhero.net/tester/) - .NET online Regex tester.
- Regex Storm (http://regexstorm.net/tester) - .NET Regex tester with highlighting and detailed results output.
- RegEx to Strings (https://www.wimpyprogrammer.com/regex-to-strings/) - JavaScript library and online tool to generate strings that a regular expression would match.
- RegexPal (http://www.regexpal.com) - JavaScript + PCRE online tester.
- RegexTester (http://www.regextester.com) - Regular Expression Tester with highlighting for Javascript and PCRE.
- Free Formatter (http://www.freeformatter.com/regex-tester.html) - Free online Regex tester.
- Regex Tester - Golang (https://regex-golang.appspot.com/assets/html/index.html) - A secure regular expression tester. built using Go
- PHP Live Regex (https://www.phpliveregex.com) - PHP specific regular expression tester with live evaluation and code generation for all PHP's regex functions.
- Boost.Regex: Manual (https://boost.org/libs/regex).
- C++: Regular expressions library (https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/regex).
- Hyperscan: Introduction (https://www.hyperscan.io/).
- ICU: Regular Expressions (https://unicode-org.github.io/icu/userguide/strings/regexp.html).
- Java: Pattern (https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/22/docs/api/java.base/java/util/regex/Pattern.html), API (https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/22/docs/api/java.base/java/util/regex/package-summary.html).
- JavaScript: RegExp (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp), Reference (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Regular_expressions), Guide 
(https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_expressions), Cheatsheet (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_expressions/Cheatsheet).
- .NET: Overview (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/base-types/regular-expressions), Language (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/base-types/regular-expression-language-quick-reference), API 
(https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.text.regularexpressions).
- Onigmo: RE (https://github.com/k-takata/Onigmo/blob/master/doc/RE).
- Oniguruma: RE (https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma/blob/master/doc/RE).
- PCRE2: Pattern (https://pcre2project.github.io/pcre2/doc/pcre2pattern/), API (https://pcre2project.github.io/pcre2/doc/).
- Perl: Syntax (https://perldoc.perl.org/perlre), Tutorial (https://perldoc.perl.org/perlretut), Quick Start (https://perldoc.perl.org/perlrequick).
- Python: re (https://docs.python.org/library/re.html).
- RE2: Syntax (https://github.com/google/re2/wiki/Syntax).
- Rust: regex (https://docs.rs/regex) - See also: regex-lite (https://docs.rs/regex-lite).
- Swift: Regex (https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swift/regex/) - See also: RegexBuilder (https://developer.apple.com/documentation/regexbuilder), NSRegularExpression 
(https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/nsregularexpression).
Generators
ℹ️ Raku (formerly Perl 6) reimagines regexes. See: Grammars (https://docs.raku.org/language/grammars) (tutorial (https://docs.raku.org/language/grammar_tutorial)), Regexes (https://docs.raku.org/language/regexes) (best practices 
(https://docs.raku.org/language/regexes-best-practices)).
- Txt2Re (https://www.txt2re.com/index_php3.html) - Generate Regular expressions based on a string
- Regex Generator++ (http://regex.inginf.units.it) - Automatic Generation of Text Extraction Patterns from Examples
- regexgen (https://github.com/devongovett/regexgen) - Generates regular expressions that match a set of strings.
- RegexGenerator (https://github.com/MaLeLabTs/RegexGenerator) - A tool for generating regular expressions for text extraction (by @MaLeLabTs)
- Gamon's numberic range generator (http://gamon.webfactional.com/regexnumericrangegenerator/) - Regex Numeric Range Generator, when you need to match an integer range.
- rgxg (https://rgxg.github.io) - Command line tool to generate Regex
- Strings to RegEx (https://www.wimpyprogrammer.com/strings-to-regex/) - JavaScript library and online tool to generate a regular expression that matches strings.
- Regex Guide (https://regex.guide/playground) - Plain Text to Regex Generator.
- grex (https://github.com/pemistahl/grex) - A command-line tool and library for generating regular expressions from user-provided test cases.
- AutoRegex (https://www.autoregex.xyz/home) - English Regex from an AI.
Without own flavor
Security
- Go: regexp (https://pkg.go.dev/regexp) - Flavor: RE2.
- MySQL: Regular Expressions (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/regexp.html) - Flavor: ICU.
- PHP: Regular Expressions (https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.pcre.php) - Flavor: PCRE.
- Ruby: Regexp (https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Regexp.html) - Flavor: Onigmo.
- SafeRegex (https://github.com/jkutner/saferegex) - A command-line tool for testing regular expressions for ReDoS (https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Regular_expression_Denial_of_Service_-_ReDoS) vulnerabilities.
Source code
Learning
Read or contribute to the code behind major regex implementations.
- Wikipedia d1 - Entry on regular expressions.
- Learn Regex The Hard Way d2 - In-progress book that quickly teaches you regular expressions.
- Regular Expression Matching Can Be Simple And Fast d3 - Basic concept of how Regex parsing works.
- PDF A Tao Of Regular Expressions d4 - What are Regular Expressions.
- Regular-Expressions.info d5 - Informative website for learning regular expressions.
- RexEgg d6 - A regular expressions tutorial that goes deep into advanced features.
- Try Regex d7 - Try Regex is an interactive regular expressions tutorial.
- Udemy d8 - A Basic Introduction To Using Regular Expressions In Programming.
- Codecademy d9 - How to use of regular expression.
- Regex golf d10 - Regex golf with Peter Norvig.
- Python Regular Expressions d11 - A good introduction to Python Regular Expressions from Google.
- /Reg(exp){2}lained/: Demystifying Regular Expressions d12 - Fluent 2012 talk reviewing and visualizing basic and intermediate Regular Expressions.
- Regular Expressions - Everything you should know d13 - PDF Series.
- The Java Tutorials d14 
- Regex Syntax Summary d15 
- How Regexes work d16 
- Learn Regular Expressions for Beginners d17 
- Java Regex Tutorial d18 
- Javascript.info - Regular expressions d19 - Regular expressions section in The Modern JavaScript Tutorial
- Useful Regexes d20 
- Teach Yourself Regular Expressions d21 
- Interactive Regex Tutorial d22 - Learn Regex step by step, from zero to advanced.
- Boost.Regex (https://github.com/boostorg/regex) - Popular C++ regex library.
- Hyperscan (https://github.com/intel/hyperscan) - Intel's high-performance library, used for DPI (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection).
- ICU (https://github.com/unicode-org/icu/blob/main/icu4c/source/i18n/regexcmp.cpp) - Unicode org's package with full Unicode support.
- Java: java.util.regex (https://github.com/openjdk/jdk/tree/master/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/regex) - JDK standard regexes.
- JavaScript:
 - JavaScriptCore: RegExp (https://github.com/WebKit/WebKit/blob/main/Source/JavaScriptCore/runtime/RegExp.cpp) - Regex engine used by Safari.
 - V8: Irregexp (https://github.com/v8/v8/tree/main/src/regexp) - Regex engine used by Chrome, Edge, Firefox (https://hacks.mozilla.org/2020/06/a-new-regexp-engine-in-spidermonkey/), etc.
- .NET: System.Text.RegularExpressions (https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/tree/main/src/libraries/System.Text.RegularExpressions) - Shared by all .NET languages (C#, VB, etc.).
- Onigmo (https://github.com/k-takata/Onigmo) - Forked from Oniguruma. Used by Ruby 2.0+.
- Oniguruma (https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma) - Popular C regex library used by Ruby 1.9, TextMate grammars, etc.
- PCRE2 (https://github.com/PCRE2Project/pcre2) - Popular C regex library used by PHP, R, etc.
- Perl (https://github.com/Perl/perl5/blob/blead/regexp.h) - See perlreguts (https://perldoc.perl.org/perlreguts).
- Python: re (https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/main/Lib/re) and regex (https://github.com/mrabarnett/mrab-regex) - Standard and extended regex libraries.
- RE2 (https://github.com/google/re2) - Popular C++ regex library used by Go, etc. Non-backtracking engine.
- Rust: regex (https://github.com/rust-lang/regex) - Non-backtracking engine.
d1 : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression
d2 : http://regex.learncodethehardway.org/book/
d3 : http://swtch.com/~rsc/regexp/regexp1.html
d4 : http://linuxreviews.org/beginner/tao_of_regular_expressions/tao_of_regular_expressions.en.print.pdf
d5 : http://www.regular-expressions.info/
d6 : http://www.rexegg.com/
d7 : http://tryregex.com/
d8 : https://www.udemy.com/learning-regular-expressions/
d9 : http://www.codecademy.com/courses/javascript-intermediate-en-NJ7Lr/0/1
d10 : https://www.oreilly.com/learning/regex-golf-with-peter-norvig
d11 : https://developers.google.com/edu/python/regular-expressions
d12 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EkluES9Rvak
d13 : http://neverfear.org/blog/view/Regex_tutorial_for_people_who_should_know_Regex__but_do_not___Part_1
d14 : https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/regex/resources.html
d15 : http://www.greenend.org.uk/rjk/2002/06/regexp.html
d16 : http://perl.plover.com/Regex/
d17 : https://hackernoon.com/javascript-learn-regular-expressions-for-beginners-bb6107015d91
d18 : http://www.vogella.com/tutorials/JavaRegularExpressions/article.html
d19 : https://javascript.info/regular-expressions
d20 : https://atrilsolutions.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/205539861-Useful-regular-expressions
d21 : http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0672325667
d22 : https://regexlearn.com/
Flavor differences
Libraries
Syntax and behavior differences between regex flavors.
- Tre (https://laurikari.net/tre/) - Free and portable approximate Regex matching library.
- Go-Restructure (https://github.com/alexflint/go-restructure) - Match regular expressions into struct fields in Go (by @alexflint). js (https://github.com/benjamingr/js-restructure) C# 
(https://gist.github.com/benjamingr/4de21494b3e76088e5f7)
- js-regex (https://github.com/wyantb/js-regex) - Chainable API for construting Regexes.
- VerbalExpressions (https://github.com/VerbalExpressions) - VerbalExpressions is a cross-language library that helps to construct difficult regular expressions.
- Super Expressive (https://github.com/francisrstokes/super-expressive) - Super Expressive is a JavaScript library that allows you to build regular expressions in natural language.
- XRegExp (http://xregexp.com) - JavaScript Regex library.
- RE2 (https://github.com/google/re2) - RE2 is a fast, safe, thread-friendly alternative to backtracking regular expression engines like those used in PCRE, Perl, and Python. It is a C++ library.
- Hyperscan (https://github.com/01org/hyperscan) - High-performance multiple Regex matching library.
- Ron Buckton: Regular Expression Feature Comparisons (https://rbuckton.github.io/regexp-features/) *GitHub (https://github.com/rbuckton/regexp-features) .
- Regular-Expressions.info: Tools & Languages (https://www.regular-expressions.info/tools.html).
- Steven Levithan: Named capture (https://xregexp.com/syntax/named_capture_comparison/), Lookbehind (https://stevenlevithan.com/regex/tests/lookbehind.html).
- Wikipedia: Comparison of regular expression engines (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_regular_expression_engines).
Collections
Performance
- RegexLib (http://regexlib.com/) - Regular Expression Library (5000+ indexed expressions).
- Regexhub (https://projects.lukehaas.me/regexhub/) - Useful Regex Patterns.
- RGXP.RU (https://rgxp.ru/) - Regular Expression Patterns (+testing)
Pattern and engine performance, benchmarks, and ReDoS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReDoS) prevention.
Explanation
Crafting efficient regexes
- RegexTranslator (https://www.regextranslator.com/) - A web app to decode Regex into plain English. You can edit it and translate back.
- Explain.pl (http://rick.measham.id.au/paste/explain.pl) - Explain Regular Expressions.
- Runaway Regular Expressions: Catastrophic Backtracking (https://www.regular-expressions.info/catastrophic.html) - Exploration and solutions for superlinear backtracking.
- Book: High Performance JavaScript (https://www.amazon.com/dp/059680279X/?tag=slev-20) (2010) - Chapter 5: Strings and Regular Expressions.
- Book: Mastering Regular Expressions, 3rd Edition (https://www.amazon.com/Mastering-Regular-Expressions-Jeffrey-Friedl/dp/0596528124/?tag=slev-20) (2006) - Chapter 6: Crafting an Efficient Expression.
- Performance of Greedy vs. Lazy Regex Quantifiers (https://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/greedy-lazy-performance) - Illustrates the mechanics of backtracking.
Exercises
ℹ️ With backtracking engines, how you craft a regex can affect how fast it finds matches or reports failures.
- HackerRank Regex Challenges (https://www.hackerrank.com/domains/regex/re-introduction) - Regex challenges with varying levels of difficulty.
- Redoku (http://padolsey.github.io/redoku/) - Little Regex Sudoku/Crossword thing (by @padolsey).
- Regex Tuesday - Challenges (https://github.com/callumacrae/regex-tuesday) - Challenge list about Regex.
- Regex Crossword (http://regexcrossword.com) - A crossword puzzle game using regular expressions.
- RegexOne (http://regexone.com) - Learn regular expressions with simple, interactive examples.
- Regex Exercises (https://regex.sketchengine.co.uk/) - Regexp exercises.
- Regular Expression Crossword Puzzle (http://gregable.com/2015/12/regular-expression-crossword-puzzle.html) - A crossword puzzle with a neat web interface.
Articles
 
 
- Performance of Regular Expressions (https://medium.com/textmaster-engineering/performance-of-regular-expressions-81371f569698) - On backtracking performance, with detailed examples.
Regex engine optimization
- Regular Expression Matching Can Be Simple And Fast (https://swtch.com/~rsc/regexp/regexp1.html) - On non-backtracking engines. A follow up (https://swtch.com/~rsc/regexp/regexp3.html) includes comparisons of RE2 and PCRE performance.
- Regular Expression Improvements in .NET 7 (https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/regular-expression-improvements-in-dotnet-7/) and .NET 5 (https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/regex-performance-improvements-in-net-5/) - Includes detailed 
explanations of performance optimizations.
- ripgrep is faster than {grep, …} (https://blog.burntsushi.net/ripgrep/) - Includes details about what makes ripgrep and Rust's regex fast.
Benchmarking
- Cross-engine benchmarking libraries: rebar (https://github.com/BurntSushi/rebar), regex-benchmark (https://github.com/mariomka/regex-benchmark).
- Boost.Regex: Performance (https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/release/libs/regex/doc/html/boost_regex/background/performance.html) - Compares Boost, C++ std::regex, and others.
ReDoS checkers
- regex.rip (https://regex.rip/) - Test a regex for ReDoS vulnerability.
- recheck (https://github.com/makenowjust-labs/recheck) *home (https://makenowjust-labs.github.io/recheck/) - JavaScript and Scala library for detecting ReDoS vulnerability. Can be used as an ESLint plugin.
- vuln-regex-detector (https://github.com/davisjam/vuln-regex-detector) - Perl library for detecting ReDoS vulnerability.
⚠️ These tools have limitations on supported syntax.
Collections of patterns
Prewritten regexes for specific tasks.
- Book: Regular Expressions Cookbook, 2nd Edition (https://www.amazon.com/Regular-Expressions-Cookbook-Solutions-Programming/dp/1449319432/?tag=slev-20) (2012) - High-quality solutions with detailed explanations.
 - Flavors: Java, JavaScript, .NET, PCRE, Perl, Python, Ruby, XRegExp.
- Regex DB (https://rgxdb.com/) - Solutions include basic descriptions and examples of matching and non-matching text.
 
 
Many regexes found online are low quality. It's risky to use regexes you don't fully understand in code, since they might have false positives/negatives, be vulnerable to performance problems with certain target strings, or assume a different 
regex flavor.
JavaScript regex libraries
Open source JavaScript libraries for advanced regex use and processing.
Alternative regex builders and engines
- Regex+ (https://github.com/slevithan/regex) - A template tag for extended, readable, high-performance JavaScript regexes.
- Oniguruma-To-ES (https://github.com/slevithan/oniguruma-to-es) - Convert Oniguruma patterns to native JavaScript regexes.
- XRegExp (https://github.com/slevithan/xregexp) *home (https://xregexp.com/) - Extended regex syntax, flags, and utils; useful for backcompat.
- incr-regex-package (https://github.com/nurulc/incr-regex-package) - Partial/incremental matching, used by react-rxinput (https://github.com/nurulc/react-rxinput) for input validation with a regex mask.
- Use other engines via WASM bindings: node-re2 (https://github.com/uhop/node-re2) (RE2), rregex (https://github.com/2fd/rregex) (Rust's regex), vscode-oniguruma (https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-oniguruma) (Oniguruma).
Abstracted regex syntax
- Rexx (https://github.com/yyytcool/rexx) - A template tag that uses structured syntax with variables and comments.
- Melody (https://github.com/yoav-lavi/melody) *docs (https://yoav-lavi.github.io/melody/book/) - A language that compiles to regexes.
- Compose with functions: compose-regexp.js (https://github.com/compose-regexp/compose-regexp.js), VerbalExpressions (https://github.com/VerbalExpressions/JSVerbalExpressions) (implementations for many languages 
(https://verbalexpressions.github.io/)), magic-regexp (https://github.com/unjs/magic-regexp) *home (https://regexp.dev/) , Super Expressive (https://github.com/francisrstokes/super-expressive) *playground 
(https://nartc.github.io/ng-super-expressive/) .
Regex processors
- AST builders: regexpp (https://github.com/eslint-community/regexpp) (used by ESLint), regexp-tree (https://github.com/DmitrySoshnikov/regexp-tree) (includes optimizer, etc.), regjsparser (https://github.com/jviereck/regjsparser)/regjsgen 
(https://github.com/bnjmnt4n/regjsgen).
 - AST explorers: AST Explorer: RegExp (https://astexplorer.net/#/gist/56d33dc28d07c7f57bdf5ca0f4061320/c6b67a829334151af01ba55960c653e4462df437), JS RegExp AST Viewer (https://leaysgur.github.io/js-regexp-ast-viewer/).
 - regexp-ast-analysis (https://github.com/RunDevelopment/regexp-ast-analysis) *docs (https://rundevelopment.github.io/regexp-ast-analysis/docs/latest/) - Analyze AST nodes produced by regexpp.
- Highlight regex syntax: Regex Colorizer (https://github.com/slevithan/regex-colorizer) *home (https://slevithan.github.io/regex-colorizer/demo/) , CodeMirror PCRE mode (https://github.com/xavierog/codemirror-mode-pcre).
- Find regex mistakes and improvements: eslint-plugin-regexp (https://github.com/ota-meshi/eslint-plugin-regexp) *home (https://ota-meshi.github.io/eslint-plugin-regexp/) , eslint-plugin-optimize-regex 
(https://github.com/BrainMaestro/eslint-plugin-optimize-regex).
- Generate strings that match a given regex: randexp.js (https://github.com/fent/randexp.js), regex-to-strings (https://github.com/wimpyprogrammer/regex-to-strings).
- Generate a regex from given strings: regexgen (https://github.com/devongovett/regexgen).
JavaScript regex evolution
The history of improvements to regular expressions in the JavaScript standard (https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/). Starting with ES2018, includes links to the TC39 proposals where features were developed and discussed.
- ES3 (1999) introduced regular expressions.
- ES5 (2009) fixed unintuitive behavior by creating a new object every time regex literals are evaluated *explainer 
(https://whereswalden.com/2010/01/15/more-es5-incompatible-changes-regular-expressions-now-evaluate-to-a-new-object-not-the-same-object-each-time-theyre-encountered/) , and allowed regex literals to use unescaped forward slashes within character 
classes (/**/** /).
- ES6/ES2015 added: *explainer (https://2ality.com/2015/07/regexp-es6.html) 
 - Flag y (sticky), which anchors matches to lastIndex.
 - Flag u (unicode) *explainer (https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/es6-unicode-regex) *2016 spec fix (https://github.com/tc39/ecma262/pull/525) , which adds Unicode code point escapes via \u{…}, strict errors (for unreserved escapes, octal escapes,
quantified lookahead, and unescaped special characters in some contexts), Unicode case-folding for flag i, and code point matching (with impact on quantifiers, character classes, ranges, and built-in sets).
 - Getter RegExp.prototype.flags, the ability to copy a regex using RegExp (optionally with new flags), and support for subclassing RegExp (along with RegExp.prototype**Symbol.match/replace/search/split**  and RegExp**Symbol.species** ).
- ES2018 added flag s (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-dotall-flag) (dotAll), lookbehind (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-lookbehind), named capture (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-named-groups), and Unicode properties 
(https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-unicode-property-escapes) (via \p{…} and \P{…} which require flag u; see list (https://github.com/mathiasbynens/regexpu-core/blob/main/property-escapes.md)).
- ES2020 added string method matchAll (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-string-matchall) (which returns an iterator), plus RegExp.prototype**Symbol.matchAll** .
- ES2022 added flag d (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-match-indices) (hasIndices), which provides start/end indices for matched substrings.
- ES2024 added flag v (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-v-flag) (unicodeSets) *explainer (https://v8.dev/features/regexp-v-flag) as an upgrade to flag u, which adds a set of multicharacter "properties of strings" to \p{…}, multicharacter 
elements within character classes via \p{…} and \q{…|…}, nested character classes, set operators **…--…**  and **…&&…** , and different escaping rules within character classes. It also fixes case-insensitive matching for \p and \P within negated 
**^…** .
▐ Each edition from ES2019 to ES2023 added additional Unicode properties that can be used via \p{…} and \P{…} (see lists (https://github.com/eslint-community/regexpp/blob/main/src/unicode/properties.ts)). ES2021 added string method replaceAll 
▐ (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-string-replaceall), although, when given a regex, the only difference from ES3's replace is that it throws if not using flag g.
 
 
- Regexes Got Good: The History And Future Of Regular Expressions In JavaScript (https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2024/08/history-future-regular-expressions-javascript/)
- Backcompat libraries: regexpu (https://github.com/mathiasbynens/regexpu), regenerate (https://github.com/mathiasbynens/regenerate) (Unicode property sets (https://github.com/mathiasbynens/regenerate-unicode-properties)).
- Chrome's l (linear) regex flag, behind a V8 flag *explainer (https://v8.dev/blog/non-backtracking-regexp) *how to run (https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/run-chromium-with-flags/) .
- Can I use (https://caniuse.com/) - Up-to-date browser support tables for individual features.
 
 
- Duplicate named capturing groups (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-duplicate-named-capturing-groups) (2022) - Ex: (?…).
- Extended mode and comments (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-x-mode) (2021) - Flag x (extended) with insignificant whitespace and line comments (#…), plus inline comments via (?#…).
- Pattern modifiers (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-modifiers) (2021) - Ex: (?ims:…), (?-ims:…), (?i-ms:…).
- Atomic operators (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-atomic-operators) (2021) - Atomic groups via (?>…) and possessive quantifiers (ex: *+, ++).
- Buffer boundaries (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-buffer-boundaries) (2021) - Anchors \A and \z, not affected by flag m.
- \R escape (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-r-escape) (2021) - Outside character classes, \R matches any line terminator.
- Restrict subclassing support in built-ins (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-rm-builtin-subclassing) (2020) - Scaled back RegExp subclassing.
- RegExp escaping (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regex-escaping) (2015) - RegExp.escape.
- Legacy RegExp features (https://github.com/tc39/proposal-regexp-legacy-features) (2015) - Standardization of legacy features.
- 5 Techniques to Improve Regex Performance (https://www.loggly.com/blog/five-invaluable-techniques-to-improve-regex-performance/) - Craft your own powerful, yet efficient regex.
- The Bad, the Better, and the Best (https://www.loggly.com/blog/regexes-the-bad-better-best/) - How a few characters can make a difference in performance.
- The Greatest Regex Trick Ever (http://www.rexegg.com/regex-best-trick.html) - So you're doubtful at the mention of a "best Regex trick"?
- Treat regular expressions as code, not magic (http://alexwlchan.net/2016/04/regexes-are-code/) - If you don’t write them carefully, you can end up with an unmaintainable monstrosity.
- Demystifying The Regular Expression That Checks If A Number Is Prime (https://iluxonchik.github.io/regular-expression-check-if-number-is-prime/) - How a regular expression can check if a number is prime.
- Regex Tree: a regular expressions processor (https://medium.com/@DmitrySoshnikov/regexp-tree-a-regular-expressions-parser-with-a-simple-ast-format-bcd4d5580df6)
- The thirty minute regex tutorial (https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/9099/The-Minute-Regex-Tutorial) - Regular Expressions in 30 Minutes.
- Regular Expression Matching Can Be Simple And Fast (https://swtch.com/~rsc/regexp/regexp1.html)
- Regular Expressions in a post ES6 World (https://ponyfoo.com/articles/regular-expressions-post-es6)
- Regular expression (regex) performance: The fundamental guide (https://medium.com/@lennartkoopmann/regular-expression-regex-performance-the-fundamental-guide-3d39e6af33af)
- The New ‘Absent Operator’ in Ruby’s Regular Expressions (https://medium.com/rubyinside/the-new-absent-operator-in-ruby-s-regular-expressions-7c3ef6cd0b99)
- Optimizing regexes in Java (http://www.javaworld.com/article/2077757/core-java/optimizing-regular-expressions-in-java.html)
- Use Regex to Test Password Strength in JavaScript (https://dzone.com/articles/use-regex-test-password)
- Java 101 (http://www.javaworld.com/article/3188545/learn-java/java-101-regular-expressions-in-java-part-1.html) - Regular Expressions in Java.
- Most Crazy Regexes (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/800813/what-is-the-most-difficult-challenging-regular-expression-you-have-ever-written) - Stack Overflow
- Regex Humor (http://www.rexegg.com/regex-humor.html) - Regex jokes and cartoons.
- The true power of regular expressions (https://nikic.github.io/2012/06/15/The-true-power-of-regular-expressions.html)
- On code, early neural networks, and once discredited AI pioneers (https://whyisthisinteresting.substack.com/p/the-regular-expression-edition) - A short history of regexes
Books
- Patterns, Automata, and Regular Expressions (http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/focs/ch10.pdf) - Al Aho and Jeff Ullman (1992) (chapter 10 of Foundations of Computer Science (http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/focs.html))
- Beginning Regular Expressions (http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9780764574894.do) - Andrew Watt (2005)
- Mastering Regular Expressions (http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9780596528126.do) - Jeffrey E.F. Friedl (2006)
- Regular Expression Pocket Reference (http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9780596514273.do) - Tony Stubblebine (2007)
- Introducing Regular Expressions (http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920012337.do) - Michael Fitzgerald (2012)
- Regular Expressions Cookbook (http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920023630.do) - Jan Goyvaerts & Steven Levithan (2012)
- Mastering Python Regular Expressions (http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9781783283156.do) - Felix Lopez & Victor Romero (2014)
- JavaScript Regular Expressions (http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9781783282258.do) - Loiane Groner & Gabriel Manricks (2015)
- Regex - the complete tutorial (https://www.princeton.edu/~mlovett/reference/Regular-Expressions.pdf)
- Python re(gex)? (https://github.com/learnbyexample/py_regular_expressions) - Sundeep Agarwal (2020)
A curated list of regex books.
Benchmarks
- Regular Expressions Cookbook, 2nd Edition (https://www.amazon.com/dp/1449319432/?tag=slev-20) (2012) by Jan Goyvaerts and Steven Levithan - Regex tutorial with code samples for eight programming languages, 100+ regex recipes for practical 
problems, and a deep focus on cross-flavor differences.
 - Flavors: Java, JavaScript, .NET, PCRE, Perl, Python, Ruby, XRegExp.
- Mastering Regular Expressions, 3rd Edition (https://www.amazon.com/dp/0596528124/?tag=slev-20) (2006) by Jeffrey Friedl - A computer science classic, best for people who already know the basics. Includes good coverage of crafting efficient 
regexes.
 - Flavors: Dedicated chapters on Java, .NET, Perl, and PHP (PCRE), with more limited coverage of Python, Tcl, command line tools, etc.
- Introducing Regular Expressions (https://www.amazon.com/dp/1449392687/?tag=slev-20) (2012) by Michael Fitzgerald - An intro for programmers new to regular expressions that sticks to the basics.
- Benchmark of Regex Libraries (http://lh3lh3.users.sourceforge.net/reb.shtml)
- Java regular expression library benchmarks – 2015 (https://www.javaadvent.com/2015/12/java-regular-expression-library-benchmarks-2015.html)
- Languages Regex Benchmark (https://github.com/mariomka/regex-benchmark) - It's just a simple Regex benchmark of different programming languages.
- Performance comparison of regular expression engines (http://sljit.sourceforge.net/regex_perf.html)
- Regex Performance (https://github.com/rust-leipzig/regex-performance) - Performance comparison of regular expression engines.
Articles
Cheat Sheets
A curated list of regex articles.
- Regular Expressions Cheat Sheet (https://www.cheatography.com/davechild/cheat-sheets/regular-expressions/)
- Regex Cheat Sheet (http://www.rexegg.com/regex-quickstart.html)
- MIT Cheat Sheet (http://web.mit.edu/hackl/www/lab/turkshop/slides/regex-cheatsheet.pdf)
- Java Cheat Sheet (https://zeroturnaround.com/rebellabs/java-regular-expressions-cheat-sheet/)
- JavaScript Cheat Sheet (https://www.debuggex.com/cheatsheet/regex/javascript)
- RegexLearn Cheat Sheet (https://regexlearn.com/cheatsheet)
- The World's Shortest Regex Compiler? (https://jasonhpriestley.com/regex) and a follow up (https://jasonhpriestley.com/regex-dfa) on optimization - Introduction to writing a non-backtracking regex engine (in JavaScript).
- Regex Legends: The People Behind the Magic (https://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/regex-legends) - Influential people behind the technology.
- Fun With .NET Regex Balancing Groups (https://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/balancing-groups) - Advanced usage of a .NET-only regex feature.
 Other awesome lists
Communities
Other amazingly awesome lists can be found at the official awesome list (https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome) and here (https://github.com/jnv/lists).
Discuss, assist, and get help with regular expressions.
- Reddit: r/regex (https://www.reddit.com/r/regex/)
- Stack Overflow: &lsqb;regex&rsqb; (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/regex?tab=Votes)
Miscellaneous
Other interesting, fun, and useful stuff.
- Quiz: regex101 Regex Quiz (https://regex101.com/quiz) - Requires sign-in.
- Games: Regex Crossword (https://regexcrossword.com/), regexle (https://regexle.com/), The Typing of the RegEX (https://thetypingoftheregex.com/), Regex Machina (https://codepip.com/games/regex-machina/) ($).
- Comics: xkcd (https://xkcd.com/208/), Garabato Kid (https://twitter.com/garabatokid/status/1147063121678389253).
About
Awesome Regex was created by Steven Levithan (https://github.com/slevithan) and contributors (https://github.com/slevithan/awesome-regex/graphs/contributors).
Sponsors and backers
 (https://github.com/brc-dd)
 (https://github.com/roboflow)
Past sponsors
 (https://github.com/antfu)
If you want to support this project, I'd love your help by contributing improvements, sharing it with others, or sponsoring (https://github.com/sponsors/slevithan) ongoing development.
© 2024–present. CC BY 4.0.
regex Github: https://github.com/slevithan/awesome-regex