# Awesome Python

An opinionated list of awesome Python frameworks, libraries, software and resources.

Inspired by awesome-php.

- Awesome Python
  - Admin Panels
  - Algorithms and Design Patterns
  - ASGI Servers
  - Asynchronous Programming
  - Audio
  - Authentication
  - Build Tools
  - Built-in Classes Enhancement
  - Caching
  - ChatOps Tools
  - CMS
  - Code Analysis
  - Command-line Interface Development
  - Command-line Tools
  - Computer Vision
  - Configuration Files
  - Cryptography
  - Data Analysis
  - Data Validation
  - Data Visualization
  - Database Drivers
  - Database
  - Date and Time
  - Debugging Tools
  - Deep Learning
  - DevOps Tools
  - Distributed Computing
  - Distribution
  - Documentation
  - Downloader
  - Editor Plugins and IDEs
  - Email
  - Environment Management
  - File Manipulation
  - Functional Programming
  - Game Development
  - Geolocation
  - GUI Development
  - Hardware
  - HTML Manipulation
  - HTTP Clients
  - Image Processing
  - Implementations
  - Interactive Interpreter
  - Internationalization
  - Job Scheduler
  - Logging
  - Machine Learning
  - Miscellaneous
  - Natural Language Processing
  - Network Virtualization
  - News Feed
  - ORM
  - Package Management
  - Package Repositories
  - Penetration testing
  - Permissions
  - Processes
  - Recommender Systems
  - Refactoring
  - RESTful API
  - Robotics
  - RPC Servers
  - Science
  - Search
  - Serialization
  - Serverless Frameworks
  - Shell
  - Specific Formats Processing
  - Static Site Generator
  - Tagging
  - Task Queues
  - Template Engine
  - Testing
  - Text Processing
  - Third-party APIs
  - URL Manipulation
  - Video
  - Web Asset Management
  - Web Content Extracting
  - Web Crawling
  - Web Frameworks
  - WebSocket
  - WSGI Servers
- Resources
  - Newsletters
  - Podcasts
- Contributing

## Admin Panels

Libraries for administrative interfaces.

- ajenti - The admin panel your servers deserve.
- django-grappelli - A jazzy skin for the Django Admin-Interface.
- flask-admin - Simple and extensible administrative interface framework for Flask.
- flower - Real-time monitor and web admin for Celery.
- jet-bridge - Admin panel framework for any application with nice UI (ex Jet Django).
- wooey - A Django app which creates automatic web UIs for Python scripts.
- streamlit - A framework which lets you build dashboards, generate reports, or create chat apps in minutes.

## Algorithms and Design Patterns

Python implementation of data structures, algorithms and design patterns. Also see awesome-algorithms.

- Algorithms
  - algorithms - Minimal examples of data structures and algorithms.
  - python-ds - A collection of data structure and algorithms for coding interviews.
  - sortedcontainers - Fast and pure-Python implementation of sorted collections.
  - thealgorithms - All Algorithms implemented in Python.
- Design Patterns
  - pypattyrn - A simple yet effective library for implementing common design patterns.
  - python-patterns - A collection of design patterns in Python.
  - transitions - A lightweight, object-oriented finite state machine implementation.

## ASGI Servers

ASGI-compatible web servers.

- daphne - A HTTP, HTTP2 and WebSocket protocol server for ASGI and ASGI-HTTP.
- uvicorn - A lightning-fast ASGI server implementation, using uvloop and httptools.
- hypercorn - An ASGI and WSGI Server based on Hyper libraries and inspired by Gunicorn.

## Asynchronous Programming

Libraries for asynchronous, concurrent and parallel execution. Also see awesome-asyncio.

- asyncio - (Python standard library) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.
  - awesome-asyncio
- concurrent.futures - (Python standard library) A high-level interface for asynchronously executing callables.
- multiprocessing - (Python standard library) Process-based parallelism.
- trio - A friendly library for async concurrency and I/O.
- twisted - An event-driven networking engine.
- uvloop - Ultra fast asyncio event loop.
- eventlet - Asynchronous framework with WSGI support.
- gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet.

## Audio

Libraries for manipulating audio and its metadata.

- Audio
  - audioread - Cross-library (GStreamer + Core Audio + MAD + FFmpeg) audio decoding.
  - audioFlux - A library for audio and music analysis, feature extraction.
  - dejavu - Audio fingerprinting and recognition.
  - kapre - Keras Audio Preprocessors.
  - librosa - Python library for audio and music analysis.
  - matchering - A library for automated reference audio mastering.
  - mingus - An advanced music theory and notation package with MIDI file and playback support.
  - pyaudioanalysis - Audio feature extraction, classification, segmentation and applications.
  - pydub - Manipulate audio with a simple and easy high level interface.
  - timeside - Open web audio processing framework.
- Metadata
  - beets - A music library manager and MusicBrainz tagger.
  - eyed3 - A tool for working with audio files, specifically MP3 files containing ID3 metadata.
  - mutagen - A Python module to handle audio metadata.
  - tinytag - A library for reading music meta data of MP3, OGG, FLAC and Wave files.

## Authentication

Libraries for implementing authentications schemes.

- OAuth
  - authlib - JavaScript Object Signing and Encryption draft implementation.
  - django-allauth - Authentication app for Django that “just works.”
  - django-oauth-toolkit - OAuth 2 goodies for Django.
  - oauthlib - A generic and thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic.
- JWT
  - pyjwt - JSON Web Token implementation in Python.
  - python-jose - A JOSE implementation in Python.

## Build Tools

Compile software from source code.

- bitbake - A make-like build tool for embedded Linux.
- buildout - A build system for creating, assembling and deploying applications from multiple parts.
- platformio - A console tool to build code with different development platforms.
- pybuilder - A continuous build tool written in pure Python.
- scons - A software construction tool.

## Built-in Classes Enhancement

Libraries for enhancing Python built-in classes.

- attrs - Replacement for `__init__`, `__eq__`, `__repr__`, etc. boilerplate in class definitions.
- bidict - Efficient, Pythonic bidirectional map data structures and related functionality..
- box - Python dictionaries with advanced dot notation access.
- dataclasses - (Python standard library) Data classes.
- dotteddict - A library that provides a method of accessing lists and dicts with a dotted path notation.

## CMS

Content Management Systems.

- feincms - One of the most advanced Content Management Systems built on Django.
- indico - A feature-rich event management system, made @ CERN.
- wagtail - A Django content management system.

## Caching

Libraries for caching data.

- beaker - A WSGI middleware for sessions and caching.
- django-cache-machine - Automatic caching and invalidation for Django models.
- django-cacheops - A slick ORM cache with automatic granular event-driven invalidation.
- dogpile.cache - dogpile.cache is a next generation replacement for Beaker made by the same authors.
- hermescache - Python caching library with tag-based invalidation and dogpile effect prevention.
- pylibmc - A Python wrapper around the libmemcached interface.
- python-diskcache - SQLite and file backed cache backend with faster lookups than memcached and redis.

## ChatOps Tools

Libraries for chatbot development.

- errbot - The easiest and most popular chatbot to implement ChatOps.

## Code Analysis

Tools of static analysis, linters and code quality checkers. Also see awesome-static-analysis.

- Code Analysis
  - code2flow - Turn your Python and JavaScript code into DOT flowcharts.
  - prospector - A tool to analyse Python code.
  - vulture - A tool for finding and analysing dead Python code.
- Code Linters
  - flake8 - A wrapper around `pycodestyle`, `pyflakes` and McCabe.
    - awesome-flake8-extensions
  - pylint - A fully customizable source code analyzer.
- Code Formatters
  - black - The uncompromising Python code formatter.
  - isort - A Python utility / library to sort imports.
  - yapf - Yet another Python code formatter from Google.
- Static Type Checkers, also see awesome-python-typing
  - mypy - Check variable types during compile time.
  - pyre-check - Performant type checking.
  - typeshed - Collection of library stubs for Python, with static types.
- Static Type Annotations Generators
  - monkeytype - A system for Python that generates static type annotations by collecting runtime types.
  - pytype - Pytype checks and infers types for Python code - without requiring type annotations.

## Command-line Interface Development

Libraries for building command-line applications.

- Command-line Application Development
  - cement - CLI Application Framework for Python.
  - click - A package for creating beautiful command line interfaces in a composable way.
  - cliff - A framework for creating command-line programs with multi-level commands.
  - python-fire - A library for creating command line interfaces from absolutely any Python object.
  - python-prompt-toolkit - A library for building powerful interactive command lines.
- Terminal Rendering
  - alive-progress - A new kind of Progress Bar, with real-time throughput, eta and very cool animations.
  - asciimatics - A package to create full-screen text UIs (from interactive forms to ASCII animations).
  - bashplotlib - Making basic plots in the terminal.
  - colorama - Cross-platform colored terminal text.
  - rich - Python library for rich text and beautiful formatting in the terminal. Also provides a great `RichHandler` log handler.
  - tqdm - Fast, extensible progress bar for loops and CLI.

## Command-line Tools

Useful CLI-based tools for productivity.

- Productivity Tools
  - copier - A library and command-line utility for rendering projects templates.
  - cookiecutter - A command-line utility that creates projects from cookiecutters (project templates).
  - doitlive - A tool for live presentations in the terminal.
  - howdoi - Instant coding answers via the command line.
  - invoke - A tool for managing shell-oriented subprocesses and organizing executable Python code into CLI-invokable tasks.
  - pathpicker - Select files out of bash output.
  - thefuck - Correcting your previous console command.
  - tmuxp - A tmux session manager.
  - try - A dead simple CLI to try out python packages - it’s never been easier.
- CLI Enhancements
  - httpie - A command line HTTP client, a user-friendly cURL replacement.
  - iredis - Redis CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
  - litecli - SQLite CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
  - mycli - MySQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
  - pgcli - PostgreSQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.

## Computer Vision

Libraries for Computer Vision.

- easyocr - Ready-to-use OCR with 40+ languages supported.
- kornia - Open Source Differentiable Computer Vision Library for PyTorch.
- opencv - Open Source Computer Vision Library.
- pytesseract - A wrapper for Google Tesseract OCR.
- tesserocr - Another simple, Pillow-friendly, wrapper around the `tesseract-ocr` API for OCR.

## Configuration Files

Libraries for storing and parsing configuration options.

- configparser - (Python standard library) INI file parser.
- configobj - INI file parser with validation.
- hydra - Hydra is a framework for elegantly configuring complex applications.
- python-decouple - Strict separation of settings from code.

## Cryptography

- cryptography - A package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers.
- paramiko - The leading native Python SSHv2 protocol library.
- pynacl - Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library.

## Data Analysis

Libraries for data analyzing.

- pandas - A library providing high-performance, easy-to-use data structures and data analysis tools.
- aws-sdk-pandas - Pandas on AWS.
- datasette - An open source multi-tool for exploring and publishing data.
- optimus - Agile Data Science Workflows made easy with PySpark.

## Data Validation

Libraries for validating data. Used for forms in many cases.

- cerberus - A lightweight and extensible data validation library.
- colander - Validating and deserializing data obtained via XML, JSON, an HTML form post.
- jsonschema - An implementation of JSON Schema for Python.
- schema - A library for validating Python data structures.
- schematics - Data Structure Validation.
- voluptuous - A Python data validation library.
- pydantic - Data validation using Python type hints.

## Data Visualization

Libraries for visualizing data. Also see awesome-javascript.

- altair - Declarative statistical visualization library for Python.
- bokeh - Interactive Web Plotting for Python.
- bqplot - Interactive Plotting Library for the Jupyter Notebook.
- cartopy - A cartographic python library with matplotlib support.
- diagrams - Diagram as Code.
- matplotlib - A Python 2D plotting library.
- plotnine - A grammar of graphics for Python based on ggplot2.
- pygal - A Python SVG Charts Creator.
- pygraphviz - Python interface to Graphviz.
- pyqtgraph - Interactive and realtime 2D/3D/Image plotting and science/engineering widgets.
- seaborn - Statistical data visualization using Matplotlib.
- vispy - High-performance scientific visualization based on OpenGL.

## Database

Databases implemented in Python.

- pickleDB - A simple and lightweight key-value store for Python.
- tinydb - A tiny, document-oriented database.
- zodb - A native object database for Python. A key-value and object graph database.

## Database Drivers

Libraries for connecting and operating databases.

- MySQL - awesome-mysql
  - mysqlclient - MySQL connector with Python 3 support (mysql-python fork).
  - pymysql - A pure Python MySQL driver compatible to mysql-python.
- PostgreSQL - awesome-postgres
  - psycopg - The most popular PostgreSQL adapter for Python.
- SQlite - awesome-sqlite
  - sqlite3 - (Python standard library) SQlite interface compliant with DB-API 2.0.
  - sqlite-utils - Python CLI utility and library for manipulating SQLite databases.
- Other Relational Databases
  - pymssql - A simple database interface to Microsoft SQL Server.
  - clickhouse-driver - Python driver with native interface for ClickHouse.
- NoSQL Databases
  - cassandra-driver - The Python Driver for Apache Cassandra.
  - happybase - A developer-friendly library for Apache HBase.
  - kafka-python - The Python client for Apache Kafka.
  - pymongo - The official Python client for MongoDB.
  - motor - The async Python driver for MongoDB.
  - redis-py - The Python client for Redis.

## Date and Time

Libraries for working with dates and times.

- arrow - A Python library that offers a sensible and human-friendly approach to creating, manipulating, formatting and converting dates, times and timestamps.
- dateutil - Extensions to the standard Python datetime module.
- pendulum - Python datetimes made easy.
- pytz - World timezone definitions, modern and historical. Brings the tz database into Python.

## Debugging Tools

Libraries for debugging code.

- pdb-like Debugger
  - ipdb - IPython-enabled pdb.
  - pudb - A full-screen, console-based Python debugger.
- Tracing
  - manhole - Debugging UNIX socket connections and present the stacktraces for all threads and an interactive prompt.
  - python-hunter - A flexible code tracing toolkit.
- Profiler
  - py-spy - A sampling profiler for Python programs. Written in Rust.
  - vprof - Visual Python profiler.
- Others
  - django-debug-toolbar - Display various debug information for Django.
  - flask-debugtoolbar - A port of the django-debug-toolbar to flask.
  - icecream - Inspect variables, expressions, and program execution with a single, simple function call.
  - pyelftools - Parsing and analyzing ELF files and DWARF debugging information.

## Deep Learning

Frameworks for Neural Networks and Deep Learning. Also see awesome-deep-learning.

- keras - A high-level neural networks library and capable of running on top of either TensorFlow or Theano.
- pytorch - Tensors and Dynamic neural networks in Python with strong GPU acceleration.
- pytorch-lightning - Deep learning framework to train, deploy, and ship AI products Lightning fast.
- tensorflow - The most popular Deep Learning framework created by Google.
- theano - A library for fast numerical computation.

## DevOps Tools

Software and libraries for DevOps.

- Configuration Management
  - ansible - A radically simple IT automation platform.
  - cloudinit - A multi-distribution package that handles early initialization of a cloud instance.
  - openstack - Open source software for building private and public clouds.
  - pyinfra - A versatile CLI tools and python libraries to automate infrastructure.
  - saltstack - Infrastructure automation and management system.
- SSH-style Deployment
  - cuisine - Chef-like functionality for Fabric.
  - fabric - A simple, Pythonic tool for remote execution and deployment.
- Process Management
  - supervisor - Supervisor process control system for UNIX.
- Monitoring
  - psutil - A cross-platform process and system utilities module.
- Backup
  - borg - A deduplicating archiver with compression and encryption.

## Distributed Computing

Frameworks and libraries for Distributed Computing.

- Batch Processing
  - dask - A flexible parallel computing library for analytic computing.
  - luigi - A module that helps you build complex pipelines of batch jobs.
  - PySpark - Apache Spark Python API.
  - Ray - A system for parallel and distributed Python that unifies the machine learning ecosystem.
- Stream Processing
  - faust - A stream processing library, porting the ideas from Kafka Streams to Python.
  - streamparse - Run Python code against real-time streams of data via Apache Storm.

## Distribution

Libraries to create packaged executables for release distribution.

- py2app - Freezes Python scripts (Mac OS X).
- py2exe - Freezes Python scripts (Windows).
- pyarmor - A tool used to obfuscate python scripts, bind obfuscated scripts to fixed machine or expire obfuscated scripts.
- pyinstaller - Converts Python programs into stand-alone executables (cross-platform).
- shiv - A command line utility for building fully self-contained zipapps (PEP 441), but with all their dependencies included.

## Documentation

Libraries for generating project documentation.

- sphinx - Python Documentation generator.
  - awesome-sphinxdoc
- pdoc - Epydoc replacement to auto generate API documentation for Python libraries.

## Downloader

Libraries for downloading.

- akshare - A financial data interface library, built for human beings!
- s3cmd - A command line tool for managing Amazon S3 and CloudFront.
- youtube-dl - A command-line program to download videos from YouTube and other video sites.

## Editor Plugins and IDEs

- Emacs
  - elpy - Emacs Python Development Environment.
- Vim
  - jedi-vim - Vim bindings for the Jedi auto-completion library for Python.
  - python-mode - An all in one plugin for turning Vim into a Python IDE.
  - YouCompleteMe - Includes Jedi-based completion engine for Python.
- Visual Studio
  - PTVS - Python Tools for Visual Studio.
- Visual Studio Code
  - Python - The official VSCode extension with rich support for Python.
- IDE
  - PyCharm - Commercial Python IDE by JetBrains. Has free community edition available.
  - spyder - Open Source Python IDE.

## Email

Libraries for sending and parsing email.

- Mail Servers
  - modoboa - A mail hosting and management platform including a modern Web UI.
  - salmon - A Python Mail Server.
- Clients
  - imbox - Python IMAP for Humans.
  - yagmail - Yet another Gmail/SMTP client.
- Others
  - flanker - An email address and Mime parsing library.
  - mailer - High-performance extensible mail delivery framework.

## Environment Management

Libraries for Python version and virtual environment management.

- pyenv - Simple Python version management.
- virtualenv - A tool to create isolated Python environments.

## File Manipulation

Libraries for file manipulation.

- mimetypes - (Python standard library) Map filenames to MIME types.
- pathlib - (Python standard library) An cross-platform, object-oriented path library.
- path.py - A module wrapper for os.path.
- python-magic - A Python interface to the libmagic file type identification library.
- watchdog - API and shell utilities to monitor file system events.

## Functional Programming

Functional Programming with Python.

- coconut - A variant of Python built for simple, elegant, Pythonic functional programming.
- funcy - A fancy and practical functional tools.
- more-itertools - More routines for operating on iterables, beyond `itertools`.
- returns - A set of type-safe monads, transformers, and composition utilities.
- cytoolz - Cython implementation of `Toolz`: High performance functional utilities.
- toolz - A collection of functional utilities for iterators, functions, and dictionaries.

## GUI Development

Libraries for working with graphical user interface applications.

- curses - Built-in wrapper for ncurses used to create terminal GUI applications.
- Eel - A library for making simple Electron-like offline HTML/JS GUI apps.
- enaml - Creating beautiful user-interfaces with Declarative Syntax like QML.
- Flexx - Flexx is a pure Python toolkit for creating GUI’s, that uses web technology for its rendering.
- Gooey - Turn command line programs into a full GUI application with one line.
- kivy - A library for creating NUI applications, running on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android and iOS.
- pyglet - A cross-platform windowing and multimedia library for Python.
- PyGObject - Python Bindings for GLib/GObject/GIO/GTK+ (GTK+3).
- PyQt - Python bindings for the Qt cross-platform application and UI framework.
- PySimpleGUI - Wrapper for tkinter, Qt, WxPython and Remi.
- pywebview - A lightweight cross-platform native wrapper around a webview component.
- Tkinter - Tkinter is Python’s de-facto standard GUI package.
- Toga - A Python native, OS native GUI toolkit.
- urwid - A library for creating terminal GUI applications with strong support for widgets, events, rich colors, etc.
- wxPython - A blending of the wxWidgets C++ class library with the Python.
- DearPyGui - A Simple GPU accelerated Python GUI framework

## GraphQL

Libraries for working with GraphQL.

- graphene - GraphQL framework for Python.

## Game Development

Awesome game development libraries.

- Arcade - Arcade is a modern Python framework for crafting games with compelling graphics and sound.
- Cocos2d - cocos2d is a framework for building 2D games, demos, and other graphical/interactive applications.
- Harfang3D - Python framework for 3D, VR and game development.
- Panda3D - 3D game engine developed by Disney.
- Pygame - Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing games.
- PyOgre - Python bindings for the Ogre 3D render engine, can be used for games, simulations, anything 3D.
- PyOpenGL - Python ctypes bindings for OpenGL and it’s related APIs.
- PySDL2 - A ctypes based wrapper for the SDL2 library.
- RenPy - A Visual Novel engine.

## Geolocation

Libraries for geocoding addresses and working with latitudes and longitudes.

- django-countries - A Django app that provides a country field for models and forms.
- geodjango - A world-class geographic web framework.
- geojson - Python bindings and utilities for GeoJSON.
- geopy - Python Geocoding Toolbox.

## HTML Manipulation

Libraries for working with HTML and XML.

- beautifulsoup - Providing Pythonic idioms for iterating, searching, and modifying HTML or XML.
- bleach - A whitelist-based HTML sanitization and text linkification library.
- cssutils - A CSS library for Python.
- html5lib - A standards-compliant library for parsing and serializing HTML documents and fragments.
- lxml - A very fast, easy-to-use and versatile library for handling HTML and XML.
- markupsafe - Implements a XML/HTML/XHTML Markup safe string for Python.
- pyquery - A jQuery-like library for parsing HTML.
- untangle - Converts XML documents to Python objects for easy access.
- WeasyPrint - A visual rendering engine for HTML and CSS that can export to PDF.
- xmldataset - Simple XML Parsing.
- xmltodict - Working with XML feel like you are working with JSON.

## HTTP Clients

Libraries for working with HTTP.

- httpx - A next generation HTTP client for Python.
- requests - HTTP Requests for Humans.
- treq - Python requests like API built on top of Twisted’s HTTP client.
- urllib3 - A HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, sanity friendly.

## Hardware

Libraries for programming with hardware.

- keyboard - Hook and simulate global keyboard events on Windows and Linux.
- mouse - Hook and simulate global mouse events on Windows and Linux.
- pynput - A library to control and monitor input devices.
- scapy - A brilliant packet manipulation library.

## Image Processing

Libraries for manipulating images.

- pillow - Pillow is the friendly PIL fork.
- python-barcode - Create barcodes in Python with no extra dependencies.
- pymatting - A library for alpha matting.
- python-qrcode - A pure Python QR Code generator.
- pywal - A tool that generates color schemes from images.
- pyvips - A fast image processing library with low memory needs.
- quads - Computer art based on quadtrees.
- scikit-image - A Python library for (scientific) image processing.
- thumbor - A smart imaging service. It enables on-demand crop, re-sizing and flipping of images.
- wand - Python bindings for MagickWand, C API for ImageMagick.

## Implementations

Implementations of Python.

- cpython - Default, most widely used implementation of the Python programming language written in C.
- cython - Optimizing Static Compiler for Python.
- clpython - Implementation of the Python programming language written in Common Lisp.
- ironpython - Implementation of the Python programming language written in C#.
- micropython - A lean and efficient Python programming language implementation.
- numba - Python JIT compiler to LLVM aimed at scientific Python.
- peachpy - x86-64 assembler embedded in Python.
- pypy - A very fast and compliant implementation of the Python language.
- pyston - A Python implementation using JIT techniques.

## Interactive Interpreter

Interactive Python interpreters (REPL).

- bpython - A fancy interface to the Python interpreter.
- Jupyter Notebook (IPython) - A rich toolkit to help you make the most out of using Python interactively.
  - awesome-jupyter
- ptpython - Advanced Python REPL built on top of the python-prompt-toolkit.

## Internationalization

Libraries for working with i18n.

- Babel - An internationalization library for Python.
- PyICU - A wrapper of International Components for Unicode C++ library (ICU).

## Job Scheduler

Libraries for scheduling jobs.

- Airflow - Airflow is a platform to programmatically author, schedule and monitor workflows.
- APScheduler - A light but powerful in-process task scheduler that lets you schedule functions.
- django-schedule - A calendaring app for Django.
- doit - A task runner and build tool.
- gunnery - Multipurpose task execution tool for distributed systems with web-based interface.
- Joblib - A set of tools to provide lightweight pipelining in Python.
- Plan - Writing crontab file in Python like a charm.
- Prefect - A modern workflow orchestration framework that makes it easy to build, schedule and monitor robust data pipelines.
- schedule - Python job scheduling for humans.
- Spiff - A powerful workflow engine implemented in pure Python.
- TaskFlow - A Python library that helps to make task execution easy, consistent and reliable.

## Logging

Libraries for generating and working with logs.

- logbook - Logging replacement for Python.
- logging - (Python standard library) Logging facility for Python.
- loguru - Library which aims to bring enjoyable logging in Python.
- sentry-python - Sentry SDK for Python.
- structlog - Structured logging made easy.

## Machine Learning

Libraries for Machine Learning. Also see awesome-machine-learning.

- gym - A toolkit for developing and comparing reinforcement learning algorithms.
- H2O - Open Source Fast Scalable Machine Learning Platform.
- Metrics - Machine learning evaluation metrics.
- NuPIC - Numenta Platform for Intelligent Computing.
- scikit-learn - The most popular Python library for Machine Learning.
- Spark ML - Apache Spark’s scalable Machine Learning library.
- vowpal_porpoise - A lightweight Python wrapper for Vowpal Wabbit.
- xgboost - A scalable, portable, and distributed gradient boosting library.
- MindsDB - MindsDB is an open source AI layer for existing databases that allows you to effortlessly develop, train and deploy state-of-the-art machine learning models using standard queries.

## Microsoft Windows

Python programming on Microsoft Windows.

- Python(x,y) - Scientific-applications-oriented Python Distribution based on Qt and Spyder.
- pythonlibs - Unofficial Windows binaries for Python extension packages.
- PythonNet - Python Integration with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR).
- PyWin32 - Python Extensions for Windows.
- WinPython - Portable development environment for Windows 7/8.

## Miscellaneous

Useful libraries or tools that don’t fit in the categories above.

- blinker - A fast Python in-process signal/event dispatching system.
- boltons - A set of pure-Python utilities.
- itsdangerous - Various helpers to pass trusted data to untrusted environments.
- magenta - A tool to generate music and art using artificial intelligence.
- pluginbase - A simple but flexible plugin system for Python.
- tryton - A general purpose business framework.

## Natural Language Processing

Libraries for working with human languages.

- General
  - gensim - Topic Modeling for Humans.
  - langid.py - Stand-alone language identification system.
  - nltk - A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data.
  - pattern - A web mining module.
  - polyglot - Natural language pipeline supporting hundreds of languages.
  - pytext - A natural language modeling framework based on PyTorch.
  - PyTorch-NLP - A toolkit enabling rapid deep learning NLP prototyping for research.
  - spacy - A library for industrial-strength natural language processing in Python and Cython.
  - Stanza - The Stanford NLP Group’s official Python library, supporting 60+ languages.
- Chinese
  - funNLP - A collection of tools and datasets for Chinese NLP.
  - jieba - The most popular Chinese text segmentation library.
  - pkuseg-python - A toolkit for Chinese word segmentation in various domains.
  - snownlp - A library for processing Chinese text.

## Network Virtualization

Tools and libraries for Virtual Networking and SDN (Software Defined Networking).

- mininet - A popular network emulator and API written in Python.
- napalm - Cross-vendor API to manipulate network devices.
- pox - A Python-based SDN control applications, such as OpenFlow SDN controllers.

## News Feed

Libraries for building user’s activities.

- django-activity-stream - Generating generic activity streams from the actions on your site.
- Stream Framework - Building news feed and notification systems using Cassandra and Redis.

## ORM

Libraries that implement Object-Relational Mapping or data mapping techniques.

- Relational Databases
  - Django Models - The Django ORM.
  - SQLAlchemy - The Python SQL Toolkit and Object Relational Mapper.
    - awesome-sqlalchemy
  - dataset - Store Python dicts in a database - works with SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.
  - orator - The Orator ORM provides a simple yet beautiful ActiveRecord implementation.
  - orm - An async ORM.
  - peewee - A small, expressive ORM.
  - pony - ORM that provides a generator-oriented interface to SQL.
  - pydal - A pure Python Database Abstraction Layer.
- NoSQL Databases
  - hot-redis - Rich Python data types for Redis.
  - mongoengine - A Python Object-Document-Mapper for working with MongoDB.
  - PynamoDB - A Pythonic interface for Amazon DynamoDB.
  - redisco - A Python Library for Simple Models and Containers Persisted in Redis.

## Package Management

Libraries for package and dependency management.

- pip - The package installer for Python.
  - pip-tools - A set of tools to keep your pinned Python dependencies fresh.
  - PyPI
- conda - Cross-platform, Python-agnostic binary package manager.
- poetry - Python dependency management and packaging made easy.

## Package Repositories

Local PyPI repository server and proxies.

- bandersnatch - PyPI mirroring tool provided by Python Packaging Authority (PyPA).
- devpi - PyPI server and packaging/testing/release tool.
- localshop - Local PyPI server (custom packages and auto-mirroring of pypi).
- warehouse - Next generation Python Package Repository (PyPI).

## Penetration Testing

Frameworks and tools for penetration testing.

- fsociety - A Penetration testing framework.
- setoolkit - A toolkit for social engineering.
- sqlmap - Automatic SQL injection and database takeover tool.

## Permissions

Libraries that allow or deny users access to data or functionality.

- django-guardian - Implementation of per object permissions for Django 1.2+
- django-rules - A tiny but powerful app providing object-level permissions to Django, without requiring a database.

## Processes

Libraries for starting and communicating with OS processes.

- delegator.py - Subprocesses for Humans 2.0.
- sarge - Yet another wrapper for subprocess.
- sh - A full-fledged subprocess replacement for Python.

## Recommender Systems

Libraries for building recommender systems.

- annoy - Approximate Nearest Neighbors in C++/Python optimized for memory usage.
- fastFM - A library for Factorization Machines.
- implicit - A fast Python implementation of collaborative filtering for implicit datasets.
- libffm - A library for Field-aware Factorization Machine (FFM).
- lightfm - A Python implementation of a number of popular recommendation algorithms.
- spotlight - Deep recommender models using PyTorch.
- Surprise - A scikit for building and analyzing recommender systems.
- tensorrec - A Recommendation Engine Framework in TensorFlow.

## Refactoring

Refactoring tools and libraries for Python

- Bicycle Repair Man - Bicycle Repair Man, a refactoring tool for Python.
- Bowler - Safe code refactoring for modern Python.
- Rope - Rope is a python refactoring library.

## RESTful API

Libraries for building RESTful APIs.

- Django
  - django-rest-framework - A powerful and flexible toolkit to build web APIs.
  - django-tastypie - Creating delicious APIs for Django apps.
- Flask
  - eve - REST API framework powered by Flask, MongoDB and good intentions.
  - flask-api - Browsable Web APIs for Flask.
  - flask-restful - Quickly building REST APIs for Flask.
- Pyramid
  - cornice - A RESTful framework for Pyramid.
- Framework agnostic
  - falcon - A high-performance framework for building cloud APIs and web app backends.
  - fastapi - A modern, fast, web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+ based on standard Python type hints.
  - hug - A Python 3 framework for cleanly exposing APIs.
  - sandman2 - Automated REST APIs for existing database-driven systems.
  - sanic - A Python 3.6+ web server and web framework that’s written to go fast.

## Robotics

Libraries for robotics.

- PythonRobotics - This is a compilation of various robotics algorithms with visualizations.
- rospy - This is a library for ROS (Robot Operating System).

## RPC Servers

RPC-compatible servers.

- RPyC (Remote Python Call) - A transparent and symmetric RPC library for Python
- zeroRPC - zerorpc is a flexible RPC implementation based on ZeroMQ and MessagePack.

## Science

Libraries for scientific computing. Also see Python-for-Scientists.

- astropy - A community Python library for Astronomy.
- bcbio-nextgen - Providing best-practice pipelines for fully automated high throughput sequencing analysis.
- bccb - Collection of useful code related to biological analysis.
- Biopython - Biopython is a set of freely available tools for biological computation.
- cclib - A library for parsing and interpreting the results of computational chemistry packages.
- Colour - Implementing a comprehensive number of colour theory transformations and algorithms.
- Karate Club - Unsupervised machine learning toolbox for graph structured data.
- NetworkX - A high-productivity software for complex networks.
- NIPY - A collection of neuroimaging toolkits.
- NumPy - A fundamental package for scientific computing with Python.
- ObsPy - A Python toolbox for seismology.
- Open Babel - A chemical toolbox designed to speak the many languages of chemical data.
- PyDy - Short for Python Dynamics, used to assist with workflow in the modeling of dynamic motion.
- PyMC - Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling toolkit.
- QuTiP - Quantum Toolbox in Python.
- RDKit - Cheminformatics and Machine Learning Software.
- SciPy - A Python-based ecosystem of open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.
- SimPy - A process-based discrete-event simulation framework.
- statsmodels - Statistical modeling and econometrics in Python.
- SymPy - A Python library for symbolic mathematics.
- Zipline - A Pythonic algorithmic trading library.

## Search

Libraries and software for indexing and performing search queries on data.

- django-haystack - Modular search for Django.
- elasticsearch-dsl-py - The official high-level Python client for Elasticsearch.
- elasticsearch-py - The official low-level Python client for Elasticsearch.
- pysolr - A lightweight Python wrapper for Apache Solr.
- whoosh - A fast, pure Python search engine library.

## Serialization

Libraries for serializing complex data types

- marshmallow - A lightweight library for converting complex objects to and from simple Python datatypes.
- pysimdjson - A Python bindings for simdjson.
- python-rapidjson - A Python wrapper around RapidJSON.
- ultrajson - A fast JSON decoder and encoder written in C with Python bindings.

## Serverless Frameworks

Frameworks for developing serverless Python code.

- python-lambda - A toolkit for developing and deploying Python code in AWS Lambda.
- Zappa - A tool for deploying WSGI applications on AWS Lambda and API Gateway.

## Shell

Shells based on Python.

- xonsh - A Python-powered, cross-platform, Unix-gazing shell language and command prompt.

## Specific Formats Processing

Libraries for parsing and manipulating specific text formats.

- General
  - tablib - A module for Tabular Datasets in XLS, CSV, JSON, YAML.
- Office
  - docxtpl - Editing a docx document by jinja2 template
  - openpyxl - A library for reading and writing Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files.
  - pyexcel - Providing one API for reading, manipulating and writing csv, ods, xls, xlsx and xlsm files.
  - python-docx - Reads, queries and modifies Microsoft Word 2007/2008 docx files.
  - python-pptx - Python library for creating and updating PowerPoint (.pptx) files.
  - unoconv - Convert between any document format supported by LibreOffice/OpenOffice.
  - XlsxWriter - A Python module for creating Excel .xlsx files.
  - xlwings - A BSD-licensed library that makes it easy to call Python from Excel and vice versa.
  - xlwt / xlrd - Writing and reading data and formatting information from Excel files.
- PDF
  - PDFMiner - A tool for extracting information from PDF documents.
  - PyPDF2 - A library capable of splitting, merging and transforming PDF pages.
  - ReportLab - Allowing Rapid creation of rich PDF documents.
- Markdown
  - Mistune - Fastest and full featured pure Python parsers of Markdown.
  - Python-Markdown - A Python implementation of John Gruber’s Markdown.
- YAML
  - PyYAML - YAML implementations for Python.
- CSV
  - csvkit - Utilities for converting to and working with CSV.
- Archive
  - unp - A command line tool that can unpack archives easily.

## Static Site Generator

Static site generator is a software that takes some text + templates as input and produces HTML files on the output.

- lektor - An easy to use static CMS and blog engine.
- mkdocs - Markdown friendly documentation generator.
- makesite - Simple, lightweight, and magic-free static site/blog generator (< 130 lines).
- nikola - A static website and blog generator.
- pelican - Static site generator that supports Markdown and reST syntax.

## Tagging

Libraries for tagging items.

- django-taggit - Simple tagging for Django.

## Task Queues

Libraries for working with task queues.

- celery - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.
- dramatiq - A fast and reliable background task processing library for Python 3.
- huey - Little multi-threaded task queue.
- mrq - A distributed worker task queue in Python using Redis & gevent.
- rq - Simple job queues for Python.

## Template Engine

Libraries and tools for templating and lexing.

- Genshi - Python templating toolkit for generation of web-aware output.
- Jinja2 - A modern and designer friendly templating language.
- Mako - Hyperfast and lightweight templating for the Python platform.

## Testing

Libraries for testing codebases and generating test data.

- Testing Frameworks
  - hypothesis - Hypothesis is an advanced Quickcheck style property based testing library.
  - nose2 - The successor to `nose`, based on `unittest2.
  - pytest - A mature full-featured Python testing tool.
  - Robot Framework - A generic test automation framework.
  - unittest - (Python standard library) Unit testing framework.
- Test Runners
  - green - A clean, colorful test runner.
  - mamba - The definitive testing tool for Python. Born under the banner of BDD.
  - tox - Auto builds and tests distributions in multiple Python versions
- GUI / Web Testing
  - locust - Scalable user load testing tool written in Python.
  - PyAutoGUI - PyAutoGUI is a cross-platform GUI automation Python module for human beings.
  - Schemathesis - A tool for automatic property-based testing of web applications built with Open API / Swagger specifications.
  - Selenium - Python bindings for Selenium WebDriver.
  - sixpack - A language-agnostic A/B Testing framework.
  - splinter - Open source tool for testing web applications.
- Mock
  - doublex - Powerful test doubles framework for Python.
  - freezegun - Travel through time by mocking the datetime module.
  - httmock - A mocking library for requests for Python 2.6+ and 3.2+.
  - httpretty - HTTP request mock tool for Python.
  - mock - (Python standard library) A mocking and patching library.
  - mocket - A socket mock framework with gevent/asyncio/SSL support.
  - responses - A utility library for mocking out the requests Python library.
  - VCR.py - Record and replay HTTP interactions on your tests.
- Object Factories
  - factory_boy - A test fixtures replacement for Python.
  - mixer - Another fixtures replacement. Supports Django, Flask, SQLAlchemy, Peewee and etc.
  - model_mommy - Creating random fixtures for testing in Django.
- Code Coverage
  - coverage - Code coverage measurement.
- Fake Data
  - fake2db - Fake database generator.
  - faker - A Python package that generates fake data.
  - mimesis - is a Python library that help you generate fake data.
  - radar - Generate random datetime / time.

## Text Processing

Libraries for parsing and manipulating plain texts.

- General
  - chardet - Python 2/3 compatible character encoding detector.
  - difflib - (Python standard library) Helpers for computing deltas.
  - ftfy - Makes Unicode text less broken and more consistent automagically.
  - fuzzywuzzy - Fuzzy String Matching.
  - Levenshtein - Fast computation of Levenshtein distance and string similarity.
  - pangu.py - Paranoid text spacing.
  - pyfiglet - An implementation of figlet written in Python.
  - pypinyin - Convert Chinese hanzi (漢字) to pinyin (拼音).
  - textdistance - Compute distance between sequences with 30+ algorithms.
  - unidecode - ASCII transliterations of Unicode text.
- Slugify
  - awesome-slugify - A Python slugify library that can preserve unicode.
  - python-slugify - A Python slugify library that translates unicode to ASCII.
  - unicode-slugify - A slugifier that generates unicode slugs with Django as a dependency.
- Unique identifiers
  - hashids - Implementation of hashids in Python.
  - shortuuid - A generator library for concise, unambiguous and URL-safe UUIDs.
- Parser
  - ply - Implementation of lex and yacc parsing tools for Python.
  - pygments - A generic syntax highlighter.
  - pyparsing - A general purpose framework for generating parsers.
  - python-nameparser - Parsing human names into their individual components.
  - python-phonenumbers - Parsing, formatting, storing and validating international phone numbers.
  - python-user-agents - Browser user agent parser.
  - sqlparse - A non-validating SQL parser.

## Third-party APIs

Libraries for accessing third party services APIs. Also see List of Python API Wrappers and Libraries.

- apache-libcloud - One Python library for all clouds.
- boto3 - Python interface to Amazon Web Services.
- django-wordpress - WordPress models and views for Django.
- facebook-sdk - Facebook Platform Python SDK.
- google-api-python-client - Google APIs Client Library for Python.
- gspread - Google Spreadsheets Python API.
- twython - A Python wrapper for the Twitter API.

## URL Manipulation

Libraries for parsing URLs.

- furl - A small Python library that makes parsing and manipulating URLs easy.
- purl - A simple, immutable URL class with a clean API for interrogation and manipulation.
- pyshorteners - A pure Python URL shortening lib.
- webargs - A friendly library for parsing HTTP request arguments with built-in support for popular web frameworks.

## Video

Libraries for manipulating video and GIFs.

- moviepy - A module for script-based movie editing with many formats, including animated GIFs.
- scikit-video - Video processing routines for SciPy.
- vidgear - Most Powerful multi-threaded Video Processing framework.

## Web Asset Management

Tools for managing, compressing and minifying website assets.

- django-compressor - Compresses linked and inline JavaScript or CSS into a single cached file.
- django-pipeline - An asset packaging library for Django.
- django-storages - A collection of custom storage back ends for Django.
- fanstatic - Packages, optimizes, and serves static file dependencies as Python packages.
- fileconveyor - A daemon to detect and sync files to CDNs, S3 and FTP.
- flask-assets - Helps you integrate webassets into your Flask app.
- webassets - Bundles, optimizes, and manages unique cache-busting URLs for static resources.

## Web Content Extracting

Libraries for extracting web contents.

- html2text - Convert HTML to Markdown-formatted text.
- lassie - Web Content Retrieval for Humans.
- micawber - A small library for extracting rich content from URLs.
- newspaper - News extraction, article extraction and content curation in Python.
- python-readability - Fast Python port of arc90’s readability tool.
- requests-html - Pythonic HTML Parsing for Humans.
- sumy - A module for automatic summarization of text documents and HTML pages.
- textract - Extract text from any document, Word, PowerPoint, PDFs, etc.
- toapi - Every web site provides APIs.

## Web Crawling

Libraries to automate web scraping.

- feedparser - Universal feed parser.
- grab - Site scraping framework.
- mechanicalsoup - A Python library for automating interaction with websites.
- scrapy - A fast high-level screen scraping and web crawling framework.

## Web Frameworks

Traditional full stack web frameworks. Also see RESTful API.

- Synchronous
  - django - The most popular web framework in Python.
    - awesome-django
    - awesome-django
  - flask - A microframework for Python.
    - awesome-flask
  - pyramid - A small, fast, down-to-earth, open source Python web framework.
    - awesome-pyramid
  - masonite - The modern and developer centric Python web framework.
- Asynchronous
  - tornado - A web framework and asynchronous networking library.

## WebSocket

Libraries for working with WebSocket.

- autobahn-python - WebSocket & WAMP for Python on Twisted and asyncio.
- channels - Developer-friendly asynchrony for Django.
- websockets - A library for building WebSocket servers and clients with a focus on correctness and simplicity.

## WSGI Servers

WSGI-compatible web servers.

- gunicorn - Pre-forked, ported from Ruby’s Unicorn project.
- uwsgi - A project aims at developing a full stack for building hosting services, written in C.
- waitress - Multi-threaded, powers Pyramid.
- werkzeug - A WSGI utility library for Python that powers Flask and can easily be embedded into your own projects.

# Resources

Where to discover learning resources or new Python libraries.

## Newsletters

- Awesome Python Newsletter
- Pycoder’s Weekly
- Python Tricks
- Python Weekly

## Podcasts

- Django Chat
- Python Bytes
- Talk Python To Me
- Python Test
- The Real Python Podcast

# Contributing

Your contributions are always welcome! Please take a look at the contribution guidelines first.

If you have any question about this opinionated list, do not hesitate to contact me @VintaChen on Twitter or open an issue on GitHub.